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presence to be a
consolation for his suffering.)
consonant (adj.) in harmony (The singers’ consonant voices were beautiful.)
constituent (n.) an essential part (The most important constituent of her perfume is
something called ambergris.)
constrain (v.)to forcibly restrict (His belief in nonviolence constrained him from taking
revenge on his attackers.)
construe (v.) to interpret (He construed her throwing his clothes out the window as a
signal that she wanted him to leave.)
consummate (v.) to complete a deal; to complete a marriage ceremony through sexual
intercourse (Erica and Donald consummated their agreement in the executive
boardroom.)
consumption (n.) the act of consuming (Consumption of intoxicating beverages is not
permitted on these premises.)
contemporaneous (adj.) existing during the same time (Though her novels do not
feature the themes of Romanticism, Jane Austen’s work was contemporaneous with
that of Wordsworth and Byron.)
contentious (adj.) having a tendency to quarrel or dispute (George’s contentious
personality made him unpopular with his classmates.)
contravene (v.) to contradict, oppose, violate (Edwidge contravened his landlady’s rule
against overnight guests.)
contrite (adj.) penitent, eager to be forgiven (Blake’s contrite behavior made it
impossible to stay angry at him.)
contusion (n.) bruise, injury (The contusions on his face suggested he’d been in a fight.)
SAT Vocabulary
C
conundrum (n.) puzzle, problem (Interpreting Jane’s behavior was a constant
conundrum.)
convene (v.) to call together (Jason convened his entire extended family for a
discussion.)
convention 1. (n.) an assembly of people (The hotel was full because of the cattleranchers’
convention.) 2. (n.) a rule, custom (The cattle-ranchers have a convention
that you take off your boots before entering their houses.)
convivial (adj.) characterized by feasting, drinking, merriment (The restaurant’s
convivial atmosphere put me immediately at ease.)
convoluted (adj.) intricate, complicated (Grace’s story was so convoluted that I couldn’t
follow it.)
copious (adj.) profuse, abundant (Copious amounts of Snapple were imbibed in the
cafeteria.)
cordial (adj.) warm, affectionate (His cordial greeting melted my anger at once.)
coronation (n.) the act of crowning (The new king’s coronation occurred the day after
his father’s death.)
corpulence (adj.)extreme fatness (Henry’s corpulence did not make him any less
attractive to his charming, svelte wife.)
corroborate (v.) to support with evidence (Luke’s seemingly outrageous claim was
corroborated by witnesses.)
corrosive (adj.) having the tendency to erode or eat away (The effect of the chemical
was highly corrosive.)
cosmopolitan (adj.) sophisticated, worldly (Lloyd’s education and upbringing were
cosmopolitan, so he felt right at home among the powerful and learned.)
counteract (v.) to neutralize, make ineffective (The antidote counteracted the effect of
the poison.)
coup 1. (n.) a brilliant, unexpected act (Alexander pulled off an amazing coup when he
got a date with Cynthia by purposely getting hit by her car.) 2. (n.) the overthrow of
a government and assumption of authority (In their coup attempt, the army officers
stormed the Parliament and took all the legislators hostage.)
covet (v.) to desire enviously (I coveted Moses’s house, wife, and car.)
D
SAT Vocabulary
covert (adj.) secretly engaged in (Nerwin waged a covert campaign against his enemies,
while outwardly appearing to remain friendly.)
credulity (n.) readiness to believe (His credulity made him an easy target for con men.)
crescendo (n.) a steady increase in intensity or volume (The crescendo of the brass
instruments gave the piece a patriotic feel.)
criteria (n.) standards by which something is judged (Among Mrs. Fields’s criteria for
good cookies are that they be moist and chewy.)
culmination (n.) the climax toward which something progresses (The culmination of
the couple’s argument was the decision to divorce.)
culpable (adj.) deserving blame (He was culpable of the crime, and was sentenced to
perform community service for 75 years.)
cultivate (v.) to nurture, improve, refine (At the library, she cultivated her interest in
spy novels.)
cumulative (adj.) increasing, building upon itself (The cumulative effect of hours spent
in the sun was a deep tan.)
cunning (adj.) sly, clever at being deceitful (The general devised a cunning plan to
surprise the enemy.)
cupidity (n.) greed, strong desire (His cupidity made him enter the abandoned gold
mine despite the obvious dangers.)
cursory (adj.) brief to the point of being superficial (Late for the meeting, she cast a
cursory glance at the agenda.)
curt (adj.) abruptly and rudely short (Her curt reply to my question made me realize
that she was upset at me.)
curtail (v.) to lessen, reduce (Since losing his job, he had to curtail his spending.)
D
daunting (adj.) intimidating, causing one to lose courage (He kept delaying the
daunting act of asking for a promotion.)
dearth (n.) a lack, scarcity (An eager reader, she was dismayed by the dearth of classic
books at the library.)
debacle (n.) a disastrous failure, disruption (The elaborately designed fireworks show
turned into a debacle when the fireworks started firing in random directions.)
SAT Vocabulary
D
debase (v.) to lower the quality or esteem of something (The large raise that he gave
himself debased his motives for running the charity.)
debauch (v.) to corrupt by means of sensual pleasures (An endless amount of good wine
and cheese debauched the traveler.)
debunk (v.) to expose the falseness of something (He debunked her claim to be the
world’s greatest chess player by defeating her in 18 consecutive matches.)
decorous (adj.) socially proper, appropriate (The appreciative guest displayed decorous
behavior toward his host.)
decry (v.) to criticize openly (The kind video rental clerk decried the policy of charging
customers late fees.)
deface (v.) to ruin or injure something’s appearance (The brothers used eggs and
shaving cream to deface their neighbor’s mailbox.)
defamatory (adj.) harmful toward another’s reputation (The defamatory gossip
spreading about the actor made the public less willing to see the actor’s new movie.)
defer (v.) to postpone something; to yield to another’s wisdom (Ron deferred to Diane,
the expert on musical instruments, when he was asked about buying a piano.)
deferential (adj.) showing respect for another’s authority (His deferential attitude
toward her made her more confident in her ability to run the company.)
defile (v.) to make unclean, impure (She defiled the calm of the religious building by
playing her banjo.)
deft (adj.) skillful, capable (Having worked in a bakery for many years, Marcus was a
deft bread maker.)
defunct (adj.) no longer used or existing (They planned to turn the defunct schoolhouse
into a community center.)
delegate (v.) to hand over responsibility for something (The dean delegated the task of
finding a new professor to a special hiring committee.)
deleterious (adj.) harmful (She experienced the deleterious effects of running a
marathon without stretching her muscles enough beforehand.)
deliberate (adj.) intentional, reflecting careful consideration (Though Mary was quite
upset, her actions to resolve the dispute were deliberate.)
delineate (v.) to describe, outline, shed light on (She neatly delineated her reasons for
canceling the project’s funding.)
D
SAT Vocabulary
demagogue (n.) a leader who appeals to a people’s prejudices (The demagogue
strengthened his hold over his people by blaming immigrants for the lack of jobs.)
demarcation (n.) the marking of boundaries or categories (Different cultures have
different demarcations of good and evil.)
demean (v.) to lower the status or stature of something (She refused to demean her
secretary by making him order her lunch.)
demure (adj.) quiet, modest, reserved (Though everyone else at the party was dancing
and going crazy, she remained demure.)
denigrate (v.) to belittle, diminish the opinion of (The company decided that its
advertisements would no longer denigrate the company’s competitors.)
denounce (v.) to criticize publicly (The senator denounced her opponent as a greedy
politician.)
deplore (v.) to feel or express sorrow, disapproval (We all deplored the miserable
working conditions in the factory.)
depravity (n.) wickedness (Rumors of the ogre’s depravity made the children afraid to
enter the forest.)
deprecate (v.) to belittle, depreciate (Always over-modest, he deprecated his
contribution to the local charity.)
derelict (adj.) abandoned, run-down (Even though it was dangerous, the children
enjoyed going to the deserted lot and playing in the derelict house.)
deride (v.) to laugh at mockingly, scorn (The bullies derided the foreign student’s
accent.)
derivative (adj.) taken directly from a source, unoriginal (She was bored by his music
because she felt that it was derivative and that she had heard it before.)
desecrate (v.) to violate the sacredness of a thing or place (They feared that the
construction of a golf course would desecrate the preserved wilderness.)
desiccated (adj.) dried up, dehydrated (The skin of the desiccated mummy looked like
old paper.)
desolate (adj.) deserted, dreary, lifeless (She found the desolate landscape quite a
contrast to the hustle and bustle of the overcrowded city.)
SAT Vocabulary
D
despondent (adj.) feeling depressed, discouraged, hopeless (Having failed the first
math test, the despondent child saw no use in studying for the next and failed that
one too.)
despot (n.) one who has total power and rules brutally (The despot issued a death
sentence for anyone who disobeyed his laws.)
destitute (adj.) impoverished, utterly lacking (The hurricane destroyed many homes
and left many families destitute.)
deter (v.) to discourage, prevent from doing (Bob’s description of scary snakes couldn’t
deter Marcia from traveling in the rainforests.)
devious (adj.) not straightforward, deceitful (Not wanting to be punished, the devious
girl blamed the broken vase on the cat.)
dialect (n.) a variation of a language (In the country’s remote, mountainous regions, the
inhabitants spoke a dialect that the country’s other inhabitants had difficulty
understanding.)
diaphanous (adj.) light, airy, transparent (Sunlight poured in through the diaphanous
curtains, brightening the room.)
didactic 1. (adj.) intended to instruct (She wrote up a didactic document showing new
employees how to handle the company’s customers.) 2. (adj.) overly moralistic (His
didactic style of teaching made it seem like he wanted to persuade his students not to
understand history fully, but to understand it from only one point of view.)
diffident (adj.) shy, quiet, modest (While eating dinner with the adults, the diffident
youth did not speak for fear of seeming presumptuous.)
diffuse 1. (v.) to scatter, thin out, break up (He diffused the tension in the room by
making in a joke.) 2. (adj.) not concentrated, scattered, disorganized (In her
writings, she tried unsuccessfully to make others understand her diffuse thoughts.)
dilatory (adj.) tending to delay, causing delay (The general’s dilatory strategy enabled
the enemy to regroup.)
diligent (adj.) showing care in doing one’s work (The diligent researcher made sure to
check her measurements multiple times.)
diminutive (adj.) small or miniature (The bullies, tall and strong, picked on the
diminutive child.)
dirge (n.) a mournful song, especially for a funeral (The bagpipers played a dirge as the
casket was carried to the cemetery.)
D
SAT Vocabulary
disaffected (adj.) rebellious, resentful of authority (Dismayed by Bobby’s poor
behavior, the parents sent their disaffected son to a military academy to be
disciplined.)
disavow (v.) to deny knowledge of or responsibility for (Not wanting others to criticize
her, she disavowed any involvement in the company’s hiring scandal.)
discern (v.) to perceive, detect (Though he hid his emotions, she discerned from his body
language that he was angry.)
disclose (v.) to reveal, make public (The CEO disclosed to the press that the company
would have to fire several employees.)
discomfit (v.) to thwart, baffle (The normally cheery and playful children’s sudden
misery discomfited the teacher.)
discordant (adj.) not agreeing, not in harmony with (The girls’ sobs were a discordant
sound amid the general laughter that filled the restaurant.)
discrepancy (n.) difference, failure of things to correspond (He was troubled by the
discrepancy between what he remembered paying for the appliance and what his
receipt showed he paid for it.)
discretion (n.) the quality of being reserved in speech or action; good judgment (Not
wanting her patient to get overly anxious, the doctor used discretion in deciding how
much to tell the patient about his condition.)
discursive (adj.) rambling, lacking order (The professor’s discursive lectures seemed to
be about every subject except the one initially described.)
disdain 1. (v.) to scorn, hold in low esteem (Insecure about their jobs, the older
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