Psychology - Robert S. Woodworth (trending books to read TXT) 📗

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Betts,

388

Big, appeal of the,

515-516

Binet,

272-273

Binet tests,

272-275

Binocular,

rivalry, 253-254;
vision, 442-443

Biology,

5;
liking for, 182

Black, a sensation,

218, 223-224

Blends,

197-199, 202-203, 205-206, 219-220, 232, 301, 424, 500

Bloomfield,

104

Boasting,

169, 495

Book, W. F.,

325

Brain,

14-15, 28-30, 49-66, 292-293;
stem, 29-30, 32, 33, 50

Brown, Warner,

449

Bryan,

321

Cajal,

51, 61, 239

Callosum,

56, 62

Cannon,

136

Carr,

314

Caution,

156, 511

"Censor,"

505-506

Central neurone,

37-39

Cerebellum,

29-30, 35, 50, 65

Cerebrum,

29-30, 50-64, 292-293

Character,

529, 555

Child, behavior,

91-92, 94-97, 100-101, 138, 141, 143-144, 147, 150-159, 162-168, 297-298, 300-301, 303-304, 313-314, 319, 357-358, 434-435, 437, 445, 481-483, 485-487, 490, 501, 504, 506, 526-527

Choice,

528-535

Cochlea,

192, 195-196, 234-235

Co-conscious,

564

Collecting instinct,

141

Color,

liking for, 183;
circle, 207;
cone, 209;
pyramid, 209;
sense, 204-228;
theories, 220-224;
tone, 206-207, 213-215;
triangle, 217;
zones, 211-212;
mixing, 214-217

Color-blindness,

209-211

Colored hearing,

376

Combination,

80, 135, 140, 148, 260-261, 299, 301, 306-308, 311, 323-326, 334, 479, 519;
law of, 263-264, 398-417, 431-432, 468

Comparative method,

14-15

Comparison,

466-467

Compensatory movements,

236-238

Complementary colors,

216-217, 227-228

"Complexes,"

381

Conditioned reflex,

303-304, 312, 401-402

Cones,

191, 226

Consciousness,

7-8;
of animals, 8-9;
degrees of, 172, 265-267, 338, 383-384

Constant error,

447-448

Constitution, native,

91, 92, 98, 271, 289-292

Constructiveness,

154, 482

Contentment,

156-157

Contiguity, association by,

395-398, 405

Contrast, visual,

227-228

Control,

55, 257, 298, 320, 335-336, 348, 381-385, 413-414, 417, 484, 511

Coördination,

30, 37-39, 41, 55-59, 66, 260-261, 299, 410-412, 534-535

Correlation method,

14-16, 283-285

Cortex,

50, 52, 56-63, 293, 414, 423

Counter-suggestion,

549

Cramming,

342, 346

Criteria of instinct,

92, 97, 138

Criticism,

499-500, 503, 505, 508-512, 547

Crying,

144

Curiosity,

154-157, 181, 244, 258

Curve,

of distribution, 280;
of forgetting, 350, 390;
of learning or practice, 307, 316, 321, 325, 390

Cutaneous senses,

197-201, 224, 440, 451

Dallenbach,

362

Daring,

489, 518-519

Darwin,

127, 136

Davenport,

104

Day dreams,

493-499

Decision,

528-535

Defense mechanisms,

533, 535

Defensive reactions,

24-26, 142-144, 159-160, 162-164, 310

Delayed reaction,

76-77, 429

Delusion,

509

Dendrites,

31-32, 34-35, 51, 61, 190, 414

Detachment of response from stimulus,

299, 302, 310, 328

Determining tendency,

72, 380-385

Dewey,

480

Differential psychology,

3, 12, 180, 210, 271, 272, 274, 279-280, 286, 291-292, 368-370, 374, 548

Digestion,

121-123, 125

Discord,

232

Discovery,

421, 462

Discrimination,

435-437

Disgust,

127, 312

Dissociation,

559-561

Distraction,

259-260, 356-356

Distribution of intelligence,

274-275, 279-281

Dizziness,

238

Domination,

165

Dot figure,

252

Doubt,

472-473

Drainage,

269

Dreams,

499-508

Ear,

191-192, 195-196, 236-238

Ebbinghaus,

350, 365

Economy of effort,

151;
in memorizing, 338-346, 353

Effect, law of,

391-393, 413

Effort,

127, 162, 259-260, 534, 539

Egocentric response,

380

Elementary,

feelings, 173, 184-185;
sensations, 197-198, 201, 203, 211-212, 216-220, 233-234

Elimination in learning,

306, 308-309, 310, 314, 327

Emotion,

118-136, 137-169, 173, 299-301, 345, 355, 361, 381, 513-514, 554, 661

Empathy,

491, 516-516

Emulation,

165-166

End-brush of an axon,

33-36, 38, 61

Endocrine glands,

122-123, 554

Energy,

conservation of, 40;
dammed-up, 82-84, 301, 309, 393;
released, 535-546;
stored, 40-41, 46

Envy,

166, 168

Equilibrium,

65

Errors,

446-459, 467

Escape tendency,

142-144, 489, 498-499

Esthetics,

443-444, 457-458

Euphoria,

120, 151

Excitement,

126

Exercise,

effect of, 297-298;
law of, 389-391, 393-394, 413-415

Experiment in psychology,

12-15, 93, 302, 333

Explanation,

471-472

Exploration,

154-157, 244, 249-252, 258, 288, 305, 421, 462-465, 470

Expressive movements,

126-128

Eye,

32, 34-35, 62, 191, 198-196;
movements of, 249-251

Facilitation,

54-55, 78, 83-85, 248, 257, 263, 382-385, 413-414, 417

Factors,

in attention, 245-248, 259;
in intelligence, 285-288;
in memorizing, 345-346;
in personality, 553-555;
in recall, 379, 382

Faculties,

523

Fallacy,

467-468, 479

Father complex,

606

Fatigue,

73-74, 119, 123, 145, 151

Fear,

125-126, 129-133, 142-144, 153, 303-304, 489, 497-498, 504, 513, 516, 539-540;
abnormal, 133, 497-498

Feeble-mindedness,

275, 290-292, 446

Feeling,

172-185;
of activity, 45-46;
of excitement, 126, 184-185;
of familiarity, 185, 357-360;
of readiness, 75, 383;
of tension, 78-79, 184-185

Feeling-tone,

174-176, 178, 180-181

Feleky,

136

Fernald,

388

Fiction,

512-513

Fighting,

158-161

Fissures of the brain,

50

Fixation,

298

Fluctuation of attention,

254-255

Flying,

93

Forgetting,

349-353, 415

Forgotten name,

356, 563-564

Fovea,

193, 211, 226

Free association,

376, 504, 507;
test, 380

Frequency,

379, 390, 433

Freshmen,

intelligence of, 279-281

Freud,

505-508, 522, 566-569, 571

Galton,

368, 388

Gamble,

243

Games,

487

Gates,

339, 365

General psychology,

4-5

Genetic method,

15-16, 90

Genius,

99

Glands,

25, 122-124, 303

Gliding dream,

503

Golden section,

444

Gray matter,

35-36, 50-52, 56, 61-62

Gregariousness,

110, 146-147

Group tests,

276-277

Habit,

89, 112-114, 157, 247-248, 260, 328-329, 381

Hallucination,

375-376, 501, 547

Hart,

571

Harter,

321

Hearing,

50, 59-60, 62, 228-235, 439-440

Helmholtz,

220, 234, 475

Helplessness,

144, 149

Henning,

203, 243

Herd instinct,

110, 146-147

Heredity,

91, 98, 100-101, 118, 289-292

Hering,

220-221

Hero,

worship, 168;
conquering and suffering, 494-496, 509

Herrick,

44, 67

Hesitancy,

530

Hicks,

306, 314

Higher units,

323-326, 334, 410-412

Hollingworth,

20, 104, 243

Homing,

78, 146

Humor, theories of,

157-168

Hunger,

79-81, 120, 140-141, 204

Hunter,

88, 295

Hunting instinct,

72, 78, 140-141

Hypnosis,

349, 547-548

Hypothesis,

473-475

Ideomotor action,

527-528

Illusion,

424, 450-459, 500, 547

Imageless thought,

374

Imagery,

mental, 368-376, 499-500;
in perception, 425-427;
types, 370

Imagination,

481-520, 525

Imitation,

319, 486

Impulse,

132-135, 155, 167, 177, 299, 524-525, 539

Incentives,

541-546

Incidental memory,

346-348, 397

Independence,

163-164

Individual,

91

Individual psychology,

see Differential psychology

Induction,

374-375

Inference,

465-468, 475-476, 479

Inferiority, sense of,

166, 168, 496, 510, 555

Inheritance of acquired traits,

113-114

Inhibition,

25, 54-55, 78, 83-84, 122-125, 248, 257, 263, 314, 382, 384, 429-430, 528, 540

Initiative,

545

Insane,

269, 508-609

Insight in learning,

316-320

Instinct,

105-116, 137-169, 179, 181, 488-489, 492, 513, 554;
criteria of, 92, 97, 138;
and emotion, 134-135;
modification of, 299-301

Integration,

558-561

Intelligence,

90-91, 271-293, 538, 555;
tests of, 3, 272-277, 281-283

Intelligence quotient,

274-275, 289-290

Intensity of sensation,

206;
of reaction, 379, 391, 433

Interest,

181-184, 248, 257-259

Interference,

355-356

Internal secretions,

122-123, 554

Intra-uterine life,

90-92

Introspection,

10-11, 19

Invalidism,

546

Invention,

421, 475, 484, 485, 509-512, 517, 619

"IQ,"

274-275

Isolation,

431-432, 435-437, 455-459, 468,479

James,

117, 129, 136, 331, 365, 418, 480, 511, 551, 561, 571

James-Lange theory,

128-130

Janet,

569, 571

Jastrow,

571

Jennings,

88

Jost,

342

Judd,

461

Judgment,

550

Jung,

388, 569

Kimmins,

522

Kinesthesis,

240

König,

217

Ladd,

44

Ladd-Franklin,

221-224, 243, 453

Lange,

129

Lashley,

88

Laughter,

157-168, 161

Law,

of advantage, 256;
of association, 394-398;
of attention, 256, 262-263, 267;
of combination, 263-264, 398-417;
of effect, 391-393;
of exercise, 389-391, 393-394;
of habit, 389;
of reaction, 256, 262-263, 267;
of selection, 256, 262, 378, 382;
of shifting, 256, 263;
of tendency, 81, 263

Learning,

93-94, 96, 99, 112, 113, 143-144, 296-329;
laws of, 389-417, 433

Libido,

507

Light,

212-213

Likes and dislikes,

178-184, 291, 492-493, 513

Linkage,

see Attachment

Lobes of the brain,

50

Local sign,

440-441

Locomotion,

93-97, 99, 152-153, 486

Logic,

475-476

Love,

535

Loyalty,

169, 531

Make-believe,

482-483, 508

Management,

of action, 541-546;
of attention, 267-268;
of memory, 338-346, 353, 356, 360-363;
of reasoning, 478-479

Manipulation,

154, 315, 481-483

Massed learning,

341-343, 345

Mastery impulse,

see Self-assertion

Martin,

28

Mathematics, liking for,

181-182

Mating instinct,

97, 116, 147-148

Maturing,

92, 96

Maury,

501

Maze learning,

305-308, 318-314

McDougall,

136, 171, 418, 551

Meaning,

421, 482-483

Median,

280

Memorizing,

333-346, 360-363

Memory,

332-363

Memory colors,

426

Mental action,

6-7, 45-47

Mental age,

273-274

Mental set,

72, 382-385, 413-414, 417, 433, 452

Mental work,

384

Methods of psychology,

9-16

Mnemonic systems,

363

Modification of reactions,

297-299

Moll,

551

Morale,

543-545

Morgan,

270

Mother complex,

506

Mother instinct,

148-150, 159, 161

Motive,

69, 72, 84-85, 137, 257-258, 469-473, 487-499, 501-510, 513-517, 528-546, 565-570

Motor,

area, 50-54;
centers, 50-59, 65, 66;
nerve, 27, 30-33, 36-37, 39, 50, 52-53

Movement,

expressive, 126-128;
reflex, 24-26;
skilled, 55-59, 268, 321-326, 410-412;
voluntary, 53-55, 298

Moving pictures,

454

Müller-Lyer illusion,

455-456, 459

Münsterberg,

265, 571

Muscle sense,

225, 238-240

Music,

235;
liking for, 182-183, 291

Music deafness,

60

Native traits,

89-102, 297

Negative adaptation,

302-303, 310, 312, 413

Nerve,

26, 30, 32;
autonomic, 124-125;
cell, 31-36, 51, 414;
center, 26, 29-30, 49-66, 76, 82-84, 96, 107, 125, 293;
fiber, 32

Nervous system,

27-29, 32, 41, 124

Nesting,

105, 110-112

Neurone,

32-36, 51, 61, 346, 414-417

Newton,

212

Nicoll,

522

Nightmare,

504

Noise,

231, 236

Nonsense syllables,

334

Non-sensory recall,

373-375

Norsworthy,

20, 104, 522

Object blindness,

62

Objective observation in psychology,

9, 11-13

Observation,

267;
learning by, 317-320, 333-337, 348, 367-375

Obstruction,

162-163, 177, 534-559

Organic needs, responses to,

139-145

Organic sensations,

119-120, 128, 204

Organic state,

72-74, 79, 82, 119-126, 132-133, 175-176

Original nature,

91, 92, 98

Organization of the individual,

527, 529, 532, 558

Otolith,

192, 238

Overlapping,

324-325, 412

Overtones,

230, 438

Pain,

173, 198-201

Paired associates,

336, 347, 404

Paralysis,

57, 547

Parental instinct,

148-150

Parsons,

243

Path,

auditory, 62;
motor, 51-53, 62;
tactile, 62, 64

Pathological method,

16

Patterns,

204-205

Pechstein,

344

Perception,

45, 60, 62-63, 65-66, 419-459, 462, 465, 468, 475-476, 479, 520

Performance tests,

275-276

Perseveration,

355

Personality,

552-570

Perspective,

435, 441-442, 453-454

Phrenology,

52, 65, 293

Physiognomy,

445-446

Physiological limit,

321

Physiology,

6-7

Physique,

553

Piano theory of hearing,

234-235

Piéron,

342

Pillsbury,

270, 295

Pintner,

295

Pitch,

229-230, 450

Place associations,

304, 305, 315, 333

Plan,

483, 493, 539-540

Plateau,

322

Play,

139, 148, 151-152, 160, 485-499, 504-505, 517

Pleasantness and unpleasantness,

173-180, 184-185

Poffenberger,

20, 104, 243

Poggendorf illusion,

457, 459

Practice,

177, 298, 304-310, 314-317, 321-327, 360-363, 433, 538;
curve, 307, 316, 321, 325, 390, 542

Preparation for action,

22-25, 72, 74-77, 427-430

Preparatory reactions,

77-84, 111-112, 125-128, 132, 139-140, 145, 147

Prestige,

549

Prince,

559, 564, 569, 571

Problem solution,

385, 465, 469-470, 477, 514

Proofreader's illusion,

453

Protozoa,

39-40, 188, 302

Psychiatry,

16

Psychoanalysis,

505-508, 521, 533, 567-669

Psychology,

definition of, 1-2, 5-8, 17-18;
methods of, 9-16;
varieties, 2-6

Psychopathology,

16, 498, 540-541, 545-550, 567, 569

Punishment,

304-305

Purpose,

69-71, 75, 78, 524-527, 542

Puzzle experiment,

308-310, 315-319, 463-464

Pyle,

343

Pyramid cells,

51, 52, 61

Pyramidal tract,

52-55, 57, 62

Random activity,

151-152

Rationalization,

470-471, 531

Raynor,

331

Reaction,

22-26, 39-41, 45-49, 65-66, 68, 75, 84, 256, 262-263, 266, 423, 428;
acquired, 89-90, 94, 99-102;
delayed, 76-77, 429;
native, 89-102;
preparatory, 77-84, 111-112, 125-128, 132;
time, 22-24, 75, 424

Reading,

250-251, 258, 262, 267-268, 384, 427, 453, 512-513

Reaney,

522

Reasoning,

320, 422, 462-479, 520;
in animals, 310, 317-318, 463-464

Recall,

354-356, 366-385, 413, 422, 469-471, 500, 519, 563

Recency,

345, 356, 379, 390, 433, 511, 563

Recitation in memorizing,

339-341

Recognition,

187, 357-360

Red-green blindness,

210

Reflex,

24-26, 53, 107-109, 256, 297;
conditioned, 303-304;
control of, 54-55;
arc, 26-30, 34, 36-37;
centers, 30, 53

Relationships, response to,

286-287, 317, 320, 333-336, 345, 404-405, 432, 467-468, 520

Relief,

79, 84

Reproduction, instinct of,

116

Respiration,

37, 55, 141, 176, 527

Response by analogy,

405-406, 435, 452-455

Restlessness,

78-79, 112

Retention,

286, 302, 349-353, 360, 562

Retina,

191, 193, 195, 210-211, 233, 441-442

Revery,

376-380

Ribot,

571

Rivalry,

165-166, 474, 489, 543;
binocular, 253-254

Robinson,

522

Rods,

191, 226

Rotation, sense of,

236-238

Rosanoff,

20

Rote learning,

333, 337

Royce,

522

Ruger,

316

Sanford,

252

Satisfaction,

79, 84, 109-110, 132, 472, 487-499, 501-510, 513-517, 533-535, 540

Saturation of colors,

207-208, 213-214, 217

Scatter,

23, 273, 298, 448

Schopenhauer,

565

Science,

3-4, 473-475;
liking for, 181-182

Scott,

93, 551

Seashore,

295

Secondary personality,

559-561, 564

Selection,

256, 262. 378, 382

Self,

428, 555-558

Self-activity,

46-47

Self-assertion,

158, 161-169, 181, 183, 258-259, 287, 472-478, 489-496, 502-503, 508, 513, 515-516, 531, 536-537, 545-546, 549, 556-558

Self-criticism,

509-511

Selfishness,

557

Self-preservation,

115-116, 507

Semicircular canal,

192, 194, 195, 225, 236-238, 486

Sensation,

6, 19, 46, 60, 62-64, 120, 187-240;
and feeling, 173-174;
feeling-tone of, 174-175;
and perception, 423-425;
recall of, 368-376

Sense, cells,

189-192;
organs, 188-196, 199-200, 236-239, 249;
perception, 421-422

Sensory,

nerve, 27, 30, 32-34, 36-38, 188-189, 191, 193, 196, 239-240;
areas, 50, 59-66, 423

Setting of an object,

358

Sex,

attraction, 97, 116, 125, 147-148, 488, 507-508, 534-535;
differences, 281

Sex differences,

281

Shame,

166, 168

Shell shock,

504

Shifting of attention,

251-256

Short-circuiting in the process of learning,

338, 405, 568

Shyness,

166

Sight,

32, 34-35, 62, 191, 193-195, 204-228, 231-234, 441-443

Sign and meaning,

421, 437-446

Signal experiment,

304-305, 312

Similarity, association by,

395-396, 405-408

Size-weight illusion,

459-460

Skill,

55-59, 268, 282, 348, 352, 410-412, 428, 482, 488

Skin senses,

197-201, 224, 440, 451

Sleep,

145, 499-500

Smell,

29, 32, 62, 63, 190, 201, 203-204, 224

Snyder,

343

Sociability,

181, 183-184, 489, 492

Social, behavior,

145-151, 510, 552, 558-559;
perception, 444-446, 512, 555

Sociology,

5

Song of birds,

98-94

Sound,

228-231

Space,

439-443

Spaced repetition in learning,

341-343, 345, 390

Spaulding,

93

Span of attention,

261-262

Speech,

6, 60, 94, 98, 113, 154, 325, 402-403, 416;
centers, 57-62

Spinal cord,

29-33, 50, 52, 55, 64

Spite,

507

Staircase figure,

253

Starch, Daniel,

20, 331

Starr,

56

Statistical measures,

14-15, 280, 283-285

Stereoscope,

254, 442

Stiles,

44, 67

Stimulus,

22, 24, 26-27, 34, 40-41, 46-49, 188, 484-486, 500-501;
central, 48-49, 368, 371, 422, 468, 500, 528;
internal, 41, 47, 79, 119, 128, 132

Story-telling,

482-483

Straining,

162-163

Strong,

246, 351

Struggle for existence,

114

Subconscious minds,

563-564

Sublimation,

533-535

Submissive tendency,

166-169, 287, 516, 549

Substitute, response,

299-301, 305, 311, 328, 400, 409-413, 430, 436-437, 498-499, 533;
stimulus, 298, 300, 303, 311, 368, 371-372, 376, 400-409, 416, 434, 568

Suggestion,

546-650

Suppression,

505-508, 533, 566-567

Surprise,

155

Survival value,

114, 139, 148, 151, 160

Survivals,

127

Sustained attention,

257-260

Syllogism,

476-479

Symbols,

383, 468, 505-507

Symmetry,

444

Synapse,

34-35, 96, 414-416

Synesthesia,

376

Tact,

555

Taste,

189-190, 201-208, 224

Taussig,

522

Telegraphy,

learning of, 321-323

Temperament,

553-554

Temperature, responses,

141-142;
sense, 197-201, 224-225

Tendency,

68-85, 109-112, 116, 130-135, 137-169, 177, 257, 263, 299-301, 309, 348, 367, 382, 392-393, 408-409, 417, 483-499, 501-510, 512-516, 528-546, 561

Terman,

272, 296

Testimony,

347, 352, 397

Tests,

3, 12, 14, 272-277, 281-283, 548

Thalamus,

56, 62, 64-65, 178

Thinking,

48-49, 319-320

Third dimension,

441-443

Thirst,

79-81, 120-121, 139-140, 179

Thorndike,

20, 104, 171, 331, 418

Thought and action,

539-541

Thrill,

489, 498-499

Thyroid gland,

123, 554

Timbre,

231

Time,

438-439, 447

Titchener,

186, 242, 270, 461

Touch,

50, 62, 63, 197-201;
spots, 198

Toys,

486-497

Training of memory,

360-363

Traits, native and acquired,

89-102

Transfer,

316-317, 361-362

Trial and error,

112, 305, 309, 311, 313, 315, 335, 392, 409, 424, 426, 430, 462-465, 526

Typewriting, learning of,

324-325, 411-412, 518, 525-526, 537

Unconscious, activity,

265-266, 383-384, 506-508, 525-526, 562-565;
emotion, 118-119;
feeling, 172;
motive, 565-569;
retention, 348-349, 562

Unintentional learning,

346-348

Utility,

of emotion, 125-127;
of instinct, 114, 144-145;
of reflexes, 125

Vacillation,

530

Variability,

23, 273, 298, 369, 447-448

Verification of hypotheses,

473-475

Visual,

area, 62;
images, 370;
perception, 441-443, 450;
sensations, 204-228, 231-234

Visualist,

370

Vocalization,

93-94, 154

Voluntary action,

298, 524-528

Vowels,

231

Walking,

95-97, 99, 153

Warming-up,

74, 119-120, 343, 391

Warren,

171, 242, 418, 461

Washburn,

19, 88, 331

Watson,

20, 88, 117, 171, 307, 308, 331, 571

Watt,

243

Weber's law,

449-450

Weight, perception of,

448-450, 459-460

Wells,

571

Whipple,

295, 365

White matter,

32, 35-36, 56, 62

Whitley,

20, 104, 522

Whole and part study,

343-346

Will,

523-550;
to learn, 346-348;
to live, 565

Wish,

496-497, 501-509, 565

Word

blindness, 62;
deafness, 59

Worry,

497-499

Wundt,

184

Yerkes,

104, 295

Young,

220

Youth,

147, 164, 495, 519

Zoellner illusion,

459