Influences of Geographic Environment - Ellen Churchill Semple (libby ebook reader .TXT) 📗

fact is found in the five hundred or more boats, equally available for trade or war, which Henry M. Stanley saw the Uganda prince muster on the shore of Victoria Nyanza Lake. Ocean, sea, bay, estuary, river, swamp, lake: here is Nature's great circle returning upon itself, a circle faintly notched into arcs, but one in itself and one in man's uses.

NOTES TO CHAPTER XI

630.

Isabella B. Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, Vol. I, pp. 26-27. New York and London, 1900.

631.

Fiske, Discovery of America, Vol. I, p. 492. Boston, 1892.

632.

Capt. James Cook, Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, 1776-1780, Vol. II, pp. 321-332. New York, 1796.

633.

John Richard Green, The Making of England, Vol. I, pp. 63-66, 84-86, 95, 96. London, 1904.

634.

E. Lavisse, Histoire de France, Vol. II, Part I, pp. 374-375, 378-379, 381-382, 385-386. Paris, 1903.

635.

Helmolt, History of the World, Vol. I, pp. 189-191, map. New York, 1902-1906.

636.

Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 192-194.

637.

G.W. Kitchen, History of France, Vol. I, pp. 59-60. Oxford, 1892.

638.

Dietrich Schaeffer, Die Hansestädte und König Waldemar von Dänemark, p. 36. Jena, 1879.

639.

G.G. Chisholm, Commercial Geography, p. 311. London, 1904.

640.

Capt. A.T. Mahan, The Problem of Asia, pp. 41, 60, 120. New York, 1900.

641.

Isabella B. Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, Vol. I, pp. 97-98. New York and London, 1900.

642.

E.C. Semple, Development of the Hanse Towns in Relation to their Geographic Environment, Bulletin Amer. Geog. Soc., Vol. 31. No. 3. 1899.

643.

Nordenskiold, Voyage of the Vega, pp. 519-530, 552. New York, 1882. Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu, The Empire of the Tsars, Vol. I, Note pp. 278-281. New York, 1902.

644.

Agnes Laut, Voyagers of the Northern Ocean, Harper's Magazine, January, 1906.

645.

Alexis Krausse, Russia in Asia, pp. 21-54. New York, 1899.

646.

Felix Dubois, Timbuctoo, pp. 198-190, 251-257. New York, 1896.

647.

Ibid., p. 38.

648.

D. Livingstone, Missionary Travels, pp. 71, 177. New York, 1858.

649.

W. Deecke, Italy, p. 87. London, 1904.

650.

G. Adam Smith, Historical Geography of the Holy Land, map facing p. 167; also pp. 287, 327-328. New York, 1897.

651.

F.M. Stapff, Karte des unteren Khiusebthal, Petermanns Mitteilungen, p. 202. July, 1885.

652.

Strabo, Book III, chap. II, 4.

653.

For full discussion, see Roscher, National-Oekonomik des Handels und Gewerbefleisses. Stuttgart, 1889.

654.

Rambaud, History of Russia, Vol. I, pp. 24-28. Boston, 1886.

655.

A.B. Hulbert, Historic Highways of America, Vol. VII, Portage Paths, pp. 182-183, 187-188. Cleveland, 1903.

656.

Herodotus, Book I, 194. A.H. Layard, Nineveh and Its Remains, Vol. II, pp. 79-81. New York, 1849.

657.

Charles W. Hawes, The Uttermost East, p. 60. New York, 1904.

658.

Transportation by Water in 1906, Table 30, p. 181. Report of Department of Commerce and Labor, Washington, 1908.

659.

G.G. Chisholm, Commercial Geography, p. 277. London, 1904.

660.

E.A. Freeman, Historical Geography of Europe, p. 466. London. 1882.

661.

J. Ellis Barker, Modern Germany, pp. 68-85. London, 1907.

662.

Heinrich von Treitschke, Politik, Vol. I, p. 218. Leipzig, 1897.

663.

E.A. Freeman, Historical Geography of Europe, p. 466. London, 1882.

664.

G.G. Chisholm, Commercial Geography, p. 511. London, 1904.

665.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 318. London, 1903.

666.

Ratzel, Politische Geographie, pp. 739-740. Munich, 1903.

667.

Annual Register for 1901, p. 358. New Series, London and New York, 1902.

668.

H.R. Mill, International Geography, p. 958. New York, 1902.

669.

Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. III, p. 473. London, 1896-1898.

670.

H.R. Mill, International Geography, p. 406. New York, 1902.

671.

G.G. Chisholm, Commercial Geography, map p. 312. London, 1904.

672.

Blanqui, History of Political Economy, pp. 273, 277, 296. New York, 1880.

673.

Albert Gallatin, American State Papers, Misc. Doc., Vol. I, No. 250. Washington, 1834.

674.

Roscher, National-Oekonomik des Handels und Gewerbefleisses, pp. 449, 453-454. Stuttgart, 1889.

675.

H.R. Mill, International Geography, pp. 530-531. New York, 1902.

676.

G.G. Chisholm, Commercial Geography, pp. 310, 312. London, 1904.

677.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 314. London, 1903.

678.

Statesman's Yearbook for 1907.

679.

Henry Norman, All the Russias, pp. 254-255, 285-292. New York, 1902.

680.

E.C. Semple, American History and Its Geographic Conditions, pp. 251-255. Boston, 1903.

681.

E.F. Knight, Where Three Empires Meet, p. 6. London, 1897.

682.

Strabo, Book IV, chap. VI, 7.

683.

Alexis Krausse, Russia in Asia, pp. 361-362. New York, 1899.

684.

Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, pp. 137-141. New York and London, 1906. Henry Norman, All the Russias, pp. 276-277. New York, 1902.

685.

Bella Gallico, Book IV, chap. IV.

686.

Ibid., Book I, chap. XXXI; Book II, chap. III; Book IV, chap. I.

687.

Journals of Dr. Thomas Walker and Christopher Gist, p. 129. Filson Club Publications, Louisville, 1898.

688.

H.R. Schoolcraft, Indian Tribes of the United States, Vol. III, pp. 248-249. Philadelphia, 1853.

689.

Martha K. Genthe, The Valley Towns of Connecticut, Bull. of Amer. Geog. Society, Vol. 39, pp. 1-7. New York, 1907.

690.

Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. III, pp. 181-182, 192. London, 1898.

691.

H.R. Mill, International Geography, p. 495. New York, 1902.

692.

W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe, pp. 284-285. New York, 1899.

693.

Ibid., Maps pp. 222, 340, 350.

694.

Ibid., Maps pp. 402, 429.

695.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, pp. 43, 241. London, 1903.

696.

Ibid., p. 69. Sydow-Wagner, Methodischer Schul-Atlas, compare maps No. 13 and No. 25.

697.

Elisée Reclus, Europe, Vol. IV, pp. 380, 389-390. New York, 1882.

698.

W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe, p. 318, map. New York, 1899.

699.

H.J. Mackinder, Britain and the British Seas, pp. 202-203. London, 1904.

700.

Boyd Alexander, From the Niger to the Nile, Vol. I, pp. 168, 169, 232, 306-307. London, 1907.

701.

Livingstone, Missionary Travels, pp. 102, 642. New York, 1858.

702.

See Century Atlas, maps of Mississippi, Louisiana and Arkansas for boundary line of 1850.

703.

Sir Thomas Holdich, India, p. 57. London, 1905.

704.

Strabo, Book X, chap. II, 19.

705.

Henry M. Stanley, Through the Dark Continent, Vol. II, pp. 120-124, 155-158, 168, 169, 173, 176, 177, 182, 266-274, 327. New York, 1879.

706.

Boyd Alexander, From the Niger to the Nile, Vol. II, pp. 252, 269-270. London, 1907.

707.

Helmolt, History of the World, Vol. I, pp. 189, 192-194. New York, 1902-1906.

708.

Cyrus Thomas, Mound Explorations, pp. 526-527, 531, 551. Twelfth Annual Report of Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, 1894.

709.

Parkman, The Old Regime in Canada, pp. 292-303. Boston, 1904. E.C. Semple, The Influences of Geographic Environment on the Lower St. Lawrence, Bull. of Amer. Geog. Society, Vol. 36, pp. 449-466. 1904.

710.

Martha Krug Genthe, Valley Towns of Connecticut, pp. 10-12, figures V. and VI, Bull. of Amer. Geog. Society, Vol. 39, 1907.

711.

J. Nacken, Die Provinz Kwantung und ihre Bevölkerung, Petermanns Mitteilungen, Vol. 24, p. 421, 1878. W.M. Wood, Fankwei, pp. 276-277. New York, 1859.

712.

Felix Dubois, Timbuctoo, pp. 19-22, 38. New York, 1896.

713.

Isabella B. Bishop, The Yangtze Valley and Beyond, Vol. I, pp. 164, 174-175, 179, 182, 189, 215. London and New York, 1900.

714.

William Walton, Paris, Vol. I, pp. 31-32, 35. Philadelphia, 1899.

715.

Cæsar, Bella Gallico, Book VIII, chaps, 57, 58.

716.

Henry M. Stanley, Through the Dark Continent, Vol. II, pp. 227-228. New York, 1879.

717.

Article, Cossack, Encyclopedia Britannica.

718.

Parkman, The Jesuits in North. America, pp. 292-303, 498-505, 534, 535. Boston, 1904.

719.

Livingstone, Missionary Travels, pp. 100, 102. New York, 1858.

720.

Livingstone, Last Journals, Vol. I, p. 359. London, 1874.

721.

Heinrich Barth, Travels in North and Central Africa, Vol. II, pp. 64, 66, 233. New York, 1857. Boyd Alexander, From the Niger to the Nile, Vol. I, pp. 237, 303-304, 320, 331-336; Vol. II, pp. 54, 56-58, 67-68, 96-99, 104-105. London, 1907.

722.

J.P. McLean, The Mound Builders, p. 20. Cincinnati, 1904. Squier and Davis, Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, pp. 6, 9, 10. New York, 1848.

723.

Cæsar, Bello Gallico, Book I, chaps. 38, 39.

724.

Elisée Reclus, Europe, Vol. IV, pp. 101-102. New York, 1882.

725.

John Fiske, Dutch and Quaker Colonies in America, Vol. I, p. 241. Boston.

726.

H.E. Mill, International Geography, p. 956. New York, 1902.

727.

H.B. George, Historical Geography of the British Empire, pp. 259-260. London, 1904.

728.

Alexis Krausse, Russia in Asia, pp. 30-33, 50. New York, 1899.

729.

H.J. Mackinder, Britain and the British Seas, pp. 198-199. London, 1904.

730.

John Richard Green, The Making of England, Vol. I, pp. 63, 66. London, 1904.

731.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 102. London, 1903.

732.

Miller and Skertchley, The Fenland Past and Present, pp. 10, 11, 27-30. London, 1878.

733.

W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe, pp. 322-323. Map p. 327. New York, 1899.

734.

Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu, The Empire of the Tsars, Vol. I, p. 108. New York, 1893.

735.

Ibid., pp. 104-106. W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe, pp. 340-342, 352, 365. New York, 1899.

736.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 135. London, 1903.

737.

Ibid., p. 133. W.Z. Ripley, Races of Europe, pp. 294-295. New York, 1899.

738.

Herodotus, II, 137, 140.

739.

Thucydides, I, 110. Brugsch-Bey, History of Egypt, Vol. II, p. 333. London, 1881.

740.

John Richard Green, History of the English People, Vol. I, chap. III, p. 71.

741.

Miller and Skertchley, The Fenland Past and Present, pp. 83, 101, 104, 107, 108. London, 1878.

742.

Tacitus, History of the Germans, Book VI, chap. VI. Motley, Rise of the Dutch Republic, Vol. I, pp. 2-5, 13. New York, 1885.

743.

J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 299. London, 1903.

744.

Miller and Skertchley, The Fenland Past and Present, pp. 113-114. London, 1878.

745.

Edward John Payne, History of the New World Called America, Vol. I, pp. 327-328, 502-503. Oxford, 1892. Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol. II, p. 163. London, 1896-1898.

746.

U.S. Report of Commission of Navigation, p. 10. Washington, 1901.