Hypatia — or New Foes with an Old Face by Charles Kingsley (e book reader TXT) 📗

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYPATIA *** Produced by P. J. Riddick, and David Widger

HYPATIA or NEW FOES WITH AN OLD FACE

By Charles Kingsley

CONTENTS

PREFACE

CHAPTER I.   THE LAURA

CHAPTER II.   THE DYING WORLD

CHAPTER III.   THE GOTHS

CHAPTER IV.   MIRIAM

CHAPTER V.   A DAY IN ALEXANDRIA

CHAPTER VI.   THE NEW DIOGENES

CHAPTER VII.   THOSE BY WHOM OFFENCES COME

CHAPTER VIII.   THE EAST WIND

CHAPTER IX.   THE SNAPPING OF THE BOW

CHAPTER X.   THE INTERVIEW

CHAPTER XI.   THE LAURA AGAIN

CHAPTER XII.   THE BOWER OF ACRASIA

CHAPTER XIII.   THE BOTTOM OF THE ABYSS

CHAPTER XIV.   THE ROCKS OF THE SIRENS

CHAPTER XV.   NEPHELOCOCCUGIA

CHAPTER XVI.   VENUS AND PALLAS

CHAPTER XVII.   A STRAY GLEAM

CHAPTER XVIII.   THE PREFECT TESTED

CHAPTER XIX.   JEWS AGAINST CHRISTIANS

CHAPTER XX.   SHE STOOPS TO CONQUER

CHAPTER XXI.   THE SQUIRE-BISHOP

CHAPTER XXII.   PANDEMONIUM

CHAPTER XXIII.   NEMESIS

CHAPTER XXIV.   LOST LAMBS

CHAPTER XXV.   SEEKING AFTER A SIGN

CHAPTER XXVI.   MIRIAM’S PLOT

CHAPTER XXVII.   THE PRODIGAL’S RETURN

CHAPTER XXVIII.      WOMAN’S LOVE

CHAPTER XXIX.   NEMESIS

CHAPTER XXX.   EVERY MAN TO HIS OWN PLACE

PREFACE

A picture of life in the fifth century must needs contain much which will be painful to any reader, and which the young and innocent will do well to leave altogether unread. It has to represent a very hideous, though a very great, age; one of those critical and cardinal eras in the history of the human race, in which virtues and vices manifest themselves side by side—even, at times, in the same person—with the most startling openness and power. One who writes of such an era labours under a troublesome disadvantage. He dare not tell how evil people were; he will not be believed if he tells how good they were. In the present case that disadvantage is doubled; for while the sins of the Church, however heinous, were still such as admit of being expressed in words, the sins of the heathen world, against which she fought, were utterly indescribable; and the Christian apologist is thus compelled, for the sake of decency, to state the Church’s case far more weakly than the facts deserve.

Not, be it ever remembered, that the slightest suspicion of immorality attaches either to the heroine of this book, or to the leading philosophers of her school, for several centuries. Howsoever base and profligate their disciples, or the Manichees, may have been, the great Neo-Platonists were, as Manes himself was, persons of the most rigid and ascetic virtue.

For a time had arrived, in which no teacher who did not put forth the most lofty pretensions to righteousness could expect a hearing. That Divine Word, who is ‘The Light who lighteth every man which cometh into the world,’ had awakened in the heart of mankind a moral craving never before felt in any strength, except by a few isolated philosophers or prophets. The Spirit had been poured out on all flesh; and from one end of the Empire to the other, from the slave in the mill to the emperor on his throne, all hearts were either hungering and thirsting after righteousness, or learning to do homage to those who did so. And He who excited the craving, was also furnishing that which would satisfy it; and was teaching mankind, by a long and painful education, to distinguish the truth from its innumerable counterfeits, and to find, for the first time in the world’s life, a good news not merely for the select few, but for all mankind without respect of rank or race.

For somewhat more than four hundred years, the Roman Empire and the Christian Church, born into the world almost at the same moment, had been developing themselves side by side as two great rival powers, in deadly struggle for the possession of the human race. The weapons of the Empire had been not merely an overwhelming physical force, and a ruthless lust of aggressive conquest: but, even more powerful still, an unequalled genius for organisation, and an uniform system of external law and order. This was generally a real boon to conquered nations, because it substituted a fixed and regular spoliation for the fortuitous and arbitrary miseries of savage warfare: but it arrayed, meanwhile, on the side of the Empire the wealthier citizens of every province, by allowing them their share in the plunder of the labouring masses below them. These, in the country districts, were utterly enslaved; while in the cities, nominal freedom was of little use to masses kept from starvation by the alms of the government, and drugged into brutish good humour by a vast system of public spectacles, in which the realms of nature and of art were ransacked to glut the wonder, lust, and ferocity of a degraded populace.

Against this vast organisation the Church had been fighting for now four hundred years, armed only with its own mighty and all-embracing message, and with the manifestation of a spirit of purity and virtue, of love and self-sacrifice, which had proved itself mightier to melt and weld together the hearts of men, than all the force and terror, all the mechanical organisation, all the sensual baits with which the Empire had been contending against that Gospel in which it had recognised instinctively and at first sight, its internecine foe.

And now the Church had conquered. The weak things of this world had confounded the strong. In spite of the devilish cruelties of persecutors; in spite of the contaminating atmosphere of sin which surrounded her; in spite of having to form herself, not out of a race of pure and separate creatures, but by a most literal ‘new birth’ out of those very fallen masses who insulted and persecuted her; in spite of having to endure within herself continual outbursts of the evil passions in which her members had once indulged without cheek; in spite of a thousand counterfeits which sprang up around her and