Effects of Radio-chemotherapy in Cancer Patients - Muhammad Younis, Sana Shaikh (phonics reader TXT) 📗
- Author: Muhammad Younis, Sana Shaikh
Book online «Effects of Radio-chemotherapy in Cancer Patients - Muhammad Younis, Sana Shaikh (phonics reader TXT) 📗». Author Muhammad Younis, Sana Shaikh
While mean value of weight for male control sample and male patient samples is 62.9375+5.3 and 54.33+7.8.which indicates that weight is low in cancer patients than normal.
Table: 3.17
Statistical Comparison Of Physiological Measurement In Control & Patients. (Male)
Parameters:
Male Control Samples (n=16)
Male cancer Patient Samples (n=12)
t-test
p-Value
Mean+SD
Mean+SD
Systolic Blood Pressure. (mmHg)
125.75+5.97
126.66+4.92
0.24
0.8
Diastolic Blood Pressure. (mmHg)
79.5+3.2
85+6.3
1.69
0.1
Pulse Rate(/min)
81.0+6.5
76.3+2.8
0.74
0.5
Table-3.17, shows the mean values, t-test values, and p-values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate. Mean value of systolic blood pressure for male control sample and male patient sample was 125.7+5.9 and 126.6+4.9.The t-value and p-value of systolic blood pressure was 0.24 and 0.8.
And mean value of diastolic blood pressure for male control sample and male patients sample is 79.5+3.2 and 85+6.3.This shows that systolic and diastolic blood pressures is higher in male cancer patients as compared to normal males.
While mean value of pulse rate for male control sample and male patients samples was 81.06+6.5 and 76.3+2.8. While t-value and p-value of pulse rate was 0.74 and 0.5. This shows pulse rate was lower in male cancer patients as compared to normal males. Table: 3.18
Statistical Comparison Of Platelet Count In Control & Patients. (Male)
Parameters:
Male Control Samples (n=16)
Male cancer Patient Samples (n=12)
t-test
p-Value
Mean+SD
Mean+SD
Platelet Count (cmm)
219031.2+118716.8
130608.3+25617.8
0.4
0.7
Table-3.18, shows the mean values, t-test values, and p-values of platelets count for male control samples and male patients samples is 219031.2+118716.8 and 130608.3+78443.3.The t-value and p-value for platelet count was 4200.86 and 0.001.
This shows that mean value of platelets was higher in male cancer patients as compared to normal males.
CONCLUSION
The survey work was carried out to see the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on the blood of cancer patients.
The result makes clear that the weight of cancerous patients was decline than the average persons and the height of cancerous patients was bringing down as compared to normal.
The Blood pressure of cancer patients (Systolic andDiastolic) was raise and pulse rate was decreases than the normal.
The results indicates that RBC had no significant difference but Hb had low value as compared to normal value due to devalue of oxygen pressure In tumor and WBC ( neutrophils and lymphocytes) decrease in cancer patients .
Eosinophils , monocytes and basophils had greater value as
compared to normal.
MCV, MCH and MCHC had turn down values than standard value.
The out come provide evidence for Platelets had low value the normal.
REFERENCES 1. David C.Dugale,lll,MD,Division of General Medicine,University of Washington school of Medicin (2008)(www.hon.ch) Dr.U.Sateyanarayana,Dr.U.Chakrapani.Biochemistry:ch:37.Books & Allied (P) ltd.India.(685-694)2006.3.Mn Chatterjea,Rana Shinde.Text book of Madical Biochemistry.ed:7.ch:46 jaypee.India.(733-757).2007
Robert K.Murray,daryl K Granner,Victor W Rodwell.Illustrated Biochemistry.ch#62Lange Medical book/McGrawHill.ed:25.(787)2006. Www.uihealthcare.com Spivak JL.Cancer-related anemia:its causes and characteristics. Semin Oncol.21;3-8, 1994. Ricardo Escó Barón, Javier Valencia Julve, Sonia Polo Jaime, Natividad Bascón Santaló,Carmen Velilla Millán, and Miriam López Mata. Hemoglobin level and acute radiotherapy-induced toxicity. Department of Radiation Oncology. 91: 40-45, 2005.8.M.Inam Danish,Medical diagonesis and management ,johr publication ,pakistan,ch#8(523-570)2005.
T.N Pattabiraman.ed:02(450-459)2006. www.about.com. Scott Davis, Dana K. Mirick, Richard G. Stevens . "Night Shift Work, Light at Night, and Risk of Breast Cancer". Journal of the National Cancer Institute (20): 1557–1562.(2001) Eva S. Schernhammer, Francine Laden, Frank E. Speizer, Walter C. Willett, David J. Hunter, Ichiro Kawachi, Graham A. Colditz . "Rotating Night Shifts and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women Participating in the Nurses' Health Study". Journal of the National Cancer Institu (20): 1563–1568.(2001) Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program (2005). Merlo LM, Pepper JW, Reid BJ, Maley CC . "Cancer as an evolutionary and ecological process". Nat. Rev. Cancer 6 (12): 924–35.200615.World cancer research fund.Nutritional aspect of the development of cancer.1998(www.werf.org).
Www,wikipedia.com. Frahm,anne and david frahm.A cancer battle plane.colorado springs.co:opinion press.1992. Comitte on diet,nutrition and cancer assembly of life sciences,National research concil.National acadamy press Washington DC.pp-1-478.1982. Coughlin SS, Calle EE, Teras LR, Petrelli J, Thun MJ: Diabetes mellitus as a predictor of cancer mortality in a large cohort of US adults. Am J Epidemiol , 159:1160-1167.2004 La Vecchia C, Negri E, Decarli A, Franceschi S: Diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 6:1007-1010. 1997 Sandhu MS, Luben R, Khaw KT: Self reported non-insulin dependent diabetes, family history, and risk of prevalent colorectal cancer: population based, cross sectional study.J Epidemiol Community Health , 55:804-805.2001 Anderson KE, Anderson E, Mink PJ, Hong CP, Kushi LH, Sellers TA, Lazovich D, Folsom AR: Diabetes and endometrial cancer in the Iowa women's health study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , 10:611-616.2004 Calle EE, Murphy TK, Rodriguez C, Thun MJ, Heath CW Jr: Diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer mortality in a prospective cohort of United States adults. Cancer Causes Control , 9:403-410.2004 holmes MD, Liu S, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Willett WC: Dietary carbohydrates, fiber, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol , 159:732-739. 2004 slattery ML, Curtin KP, Edwards SL, Schaffer DM: Plant foods, fiber, and rectal cancer. Am J Clin Nutr , 79:274-281.2004 e Stefani E, Ronco A, Mendilaharsu M, Guidobono M, Deneo-Pellegrini H: Meat intake, heterocyclic amines, and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , 6:573-581.1997 Selenium Information sheet (www.selenium.arizona.edu) Duffield-Lillico AJ, Reid ME, Turnbull BW, Combs GF Jr, Slate EH, Fischbach LA, Marshall JR, Clark LC: Baseline characteristics and the effect of selenium supplementation on cancer incidence in a randomized clinical trial: a summary report of the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial.2002. Clark LC, Combs GF Jr, Turnbull BW, Slate EH, Chalker DK, Chow J, Davis LS, Glover RA, Graham GF, Gross EG, Krongrad A, Lesher JL Jr, Park HK, Sanders BB Jr, Smith CL, Taylor JR: Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. A randomized controlled trial. Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group.Jama1996,276:1957-1963. Ghadirian P, Maisonneuve P, Perret C, Kennedy G, Boyle P, Krewski D, Lacroix A: A case-control study of toenail selenium and cancer of the breast, colon, and prostate. Cancer Detect Prev , 24:305-313. 2000. Reid ME, Duffield-Lillico AJ, Garland L, Turnbull BW, Clark LC, Marshall JR: Selenium supplementation and lung cancer incidence: an update of the nutritional prevention of cancer trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 11:1285-1291. 2002 van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA, van 't Veer P, Bode P, Dorant E, Hermus RJ, Sturmans F: A prospective cohort study on selenium status and the risk of lung cancer. Cancer Res 53:4860-4865.1993 Nishizawa Y, Yamamoto T, Terada N, Fushiki S, Matsumoto K: Effects of methylcobalamin on the proliferation of androgen-sensitive or estrogen-sensitive malignant cells in culture and in vivo. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1997, 67:164-170. Blount BC, Mack MM, Wehr CM, MacGregor JT, Hiatt RA, Wang G, Wickramasinghe SN, Everson RB, Ames BN: Folate deficiency causes uracil misincorporation into human DNA and chromosome breakage: implications for cancer and neuronal damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:3290-3295.1997 Holick MF: Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis. Am J Clin Nutr 79:362-371.2004 Schwartz GG, Whitlatch LW, Chen TC, Lokeshwar BL, Holick MF: Human prostate cells synthesize 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 from 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 7:391-395.1998 Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Manson JE, Stampfer M, Rosner B, Cook NR, Belanger C, LaMotte F, Gaziano JM, Ridker PM, Willett W, Peto R: Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease.N Engl J Med 334:1145-1149.1996 Schuurman AG, Goldbohm RA, Brants HA, van den Brandt PA: A prospective cohort study on intake of retinol, vitamins C and E, and carotenoids and prostate cancer risk (Netherlands). Cancer Causes Control, 13:573-582.2002 Hsing AW, Comstock GW, Abbey H, Polk BF: Serologic precursors of cancer. Retinol, carotenoids, and tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1990, 82:941-946. Lee KW, Lee HJ, Surh YJ, Lee CY: Vitamin C and cancer chemoprevention: reappraisal. Am J Clin Nutr 2003, 78:1074-1078. Padayatty SJ, Sun H, Wang Y, Riordan HD, Hewitt SM, Katz A, Wesley RA, Levine M: Vitamin C pharmacokinetics: implications for oral and intravenous use. Ann Intern Med 2004, 140:533-537.42.Riordan NH, Riordan HD, Meng X, Li Y, Jackson JA: Intravenous ascorbate as a tumor cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent. Med Hypotheses .207-213.1995,
43. Mukhtar H, Ahmad N: Tea polyphenols: prevention of cancer and optimizing health. Am J Clin Nutr 2000, 71:1703S-1694S.discussion 1703S-1694S.
Dorland, w.a Newman (William Alexander Newman); Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary (30th edition); W:B .Saunders company; published in Canada;p1939.2002 Sobin LH, Witte kind CH.international union against cancer (uicc).TNM classification of malignant tumors.5th edition. Wiley: New York.1997 Radiotherapy for cancer treatment by thams C.weisis. Colin Black More, Shelia jennet. The oxford companion to the body. 2004. www.encyclopedia.com Info. American college of radiology and radiological society of North America, 2009. Radiation therapy for cancer: Question and answer .sponsored by NCI’Ss cancer information center.200451.Advances in radiotherapy fowling cancer by Joseph k.salama 2009.
External beam radiation therapy national cancer institute. 2009. RT answer-answers to your radiation therapy question, American society for radiation oncology.2009. BOCK, RK; Ctal .very high energy gamma rays from a distant quaser: how transparent is the universe?” Science 320(5884): PP 1752-1754.2008 Text book of biochemistry (for medical students) by DM vasudevan speekumari s.Jaypee.3rd edition.2001 Mcyere k.k: effect radiation induced lymphocyte-immune deficiency, Arch surg 101; 114-121, 1970. 57. Lisa fayad.radiation therapy overview .medical reviewed board.2009 www.mayoclinic.cam/health/cancer treatment low blood cell counts: side effect of cancer treatment.2007 Www.healthinfortransication.com Fri E III, cancellos GD dose: a critical factor in cancer chemotherapy. Am j med 69-585.1980 American cancer society goal of chemotherapy 2008. Bangkok breast cancer support group.chemotherapy.bangkok breast cancer@yahoo.com 63. Question and answer about chemotherapy. A service of the national cancer institutions.200964.Bast fr,rc,Kufe DW,pollak RE,wcichselbaum RR,Holland jf,feri III E:cancer medicine,5th edition.BC Decker,Inc.2000
Clement A.A debamawo BM CHB Hons,(jos), FWACS, FACS, D.SC.(Har-vard).Division of oncology, department of surgery, college of medicine, university of Ibadan,university college hospital,Ibadan,oyo state,Nigeria.pp(1-70),2009. Neulasta.side effect of chemotherapy.www.fda.gov 2008. Types of chemotherapy. American cancer society, Inc, 2009. 68. Simko MD, Cowell C, Gilbride JA. Nutrition assessment: A comprehensive guide for planning intervention. 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen 1995. 69. J.J Strain, P.J.Robson, M.B.E living stone, E.D.Primorse,J.M.Sawage ,G.W..Crane and C.A.G Boreham,Estimate of food and macrinutrient intake in a random sample of north Irland adolescent.Br.J.Nuter.72:343-352,(1994). www.americanheart.org. 72. www.lifeclinic.com www.webmed.com www.ehow.com 74.Zuckerman K. Approach to the anemias. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;:chap 162.2007 75. www.boule.com 76. Gullino PM, Grantham FH, Courtney AH: Utilization of oxygen by transplanted tumors in vivo. Cancer Res, 27: 1020-1030, 1967.77.S.P. Schantz, B.H. Campbell and O.M. Guillamondegui, Pharyngeal carcinoma and natural killer cell activity, Am J Surg
Comments (0)