Illusions - James Sully (online e reader .txt) 📗

class="c4">K.

Klang, as compound sensation, 53.

Knowledge. See Cognition.


L.

Language, function of, 195.

Leibnitz, 133.

Lélut, L.F., 120, note[66].

Lessing, G. E., 133, note[73].

Leuret, 290, note[135].

Lewes, G.H., 28, 32, note[12], 52, note[18], 62, note[30], 68,
note[35], 89, note[45], 115, note[58], 150.

Life, our estimate of, 323, 326, 327.

Light, sensation and perception of, 59;
effects of reflection and refraction, of, 73;
representation, of, in painting, 88, 91;
action of, in sleep, 140.

Localization, as local discrimination of sensations, 52;
as localizing of sensations, 59, 60;
illusory, 61, 82;
in hallucination, 118, 119;
in dreaming, 148;
of events in time, in memory, 238, 245;
in expectation, 304.

Locke, 133, note[73].

Lotze, H., 60, note[29].

Lover, illusion of, 224, 227, 342.

Luminosity of painting, 88, 91.

Lustre, as compound sensation, 54.

Lyell, Sir Charles, 311.


M.

Magic, arts of, 73.

Magnitude, apparent, in vision, 75, note[37];
perception of, in pictorial art, 88, 91;
of time-intervals, 245, 249;
recollection of, 268.

Malebranche, 116.

Mankind, our views of, 322.

Matter. See World (material).

Maudsley, Dr. H., 32, note[12].

Maury, A., 140, 143, 153, note[92], 159, 163, note[94] ,173.

Mayer, Dr. A., 66, note[32].

Measurement, subjective, of time, 245.

Media, coloured, illusions connected with presence of, 82.

Memory, nature of, 9, 13, 231;
veracity of, 232, 290;
defined, 234;
psychology of, 236;
physiology of, 237;
localization of events in, 238;
and sense of personal identity, 241, 283;
illusions of, 241;
illusory localization, 245, 256;
distortions of, 261;
hallucinations of, 271;
illusions respecting personal identity, 283;
relation of, to belief, 295;
compared with expectation, 297;
and inference, 335.

Metempsychosis, 294.

Meyer, H., 83, 144.

Mill, J.S., 298, note[138], 309.

Mirrors, as means of delusion, 73.

Misanthropist, 2, 323.

Mitchell, Dr. Weir, 62.

Monomania, 111.

Moral, intuition, 216;
self-inspection, 204.

Motor illusions. See Muscular sense.

Movement, apparent, 50, 57, 73, 81, 95, 107;
in dreams, 142, 154.

Müller, Johannes, 58, note[27], 100, 117, 143.

Muscæ volitantes, 118, note[62].

Muscular sense, in perception, 23;
illusions connected with, 50, 57, 62, 66;
co-operation, of, in dreams, 142, 154.

Music, subjective interpretation of, 223.


N.

Natural selection, effect of, in eliminating error, 340.

Nature, personification of, 224;
uniformity of, 344, 360.

Necessity, idea of, 349, 360.

Nervous system, and conditions of perception, 31;
connections of, 32, 169;
function of, and force of stimulus, 47, 50;
prolonged activity of, 55;
specific energy of, 58;
variations in state of, 64;
fatigue of, 65, 115;
disease of, ibid.;
nervous conditions of hallucination, 112, 115;
nervous dissolution and evolution, 122;
condition of, in sleep, 131;
in hypnotic condition, 186;
nervous conditions of memory, 237;
nervous conditions of illusion in general, 334.

Normal life, relation of,
to abnormal, 1, 121, 124, 182, 277, 284, note[132];
hallucinations of, 116.


O.

Object, nature of, 36, 353.

Objective and subjective experience, 26, 27, 137, 214.

Old age, dreams how regarded in, 276.

Oneirocritics, 129.

Opera, illusion connected with, 104.

Optimism, 323, 327, 342.

Organic sensations, discrimination of, 41;
interpretation of, 99;
in sleep, 145, 148.

Organism, conditions of illusion in, 47, 50;
relation of our conception of the universe to sensibilities of, 343.

Orientation, 125, 138.


P.

Pain, recollection of, 264, 270.

Painting, representation of third dimension by, 77;
apparent movement of eye in portrait, 81;
discrepancies between, and object in magnitude and luminosity, 88;
realization of, and mental preparation, 105;
realization of, by animals, 105.

Paræsthesia, 68.

Paralysis of ocular muscles, 66.

Passive, and active factor in perception, 27;
and active illusion, 45.

Percept, 22;
and sense-impression, 59.

Perception, a form of immediate knowledge, 10, 13, 17, 18;
external and internal, 14;
philosophy of, 14, 20, 22, 36, 346, 348, 353, 355, 359;
illusions of, 19, 35;
psychology of, 20;
and inference, 22, 26, 76;
physiological conditions of, 31.

Persistent objects, representation of, 312.

Persistent self. See Personal identity.

Personal equation, in perception, 101;
in æsthetic intuition, 214;
in memory, 292;
in belief, 324.

Personal identity, consciousness of, 241, 282, 285;
illusions connected with, 283;
disturbances in sense of, 287;
sense of, in insanity, 289;
momentary confusions of, 293;
philosophic problem of, 285, 354, 360.

Personification of nature, 224.

Perspective, linear, 79, 97, 98;
aerial, 80;
of memory, 245.

Pessimism, 323, 327.

Phenomenalism, 348.

Philosophy, conception of illusion by, 7, 36, 205, 285, 349;

of mind, 132, 285, 344, 348;
as theory of knowledge, 295, 346;
and science, 346, 348;
and common sense, 347, 349;
problems of, 347.

Phosphenes, 58.

Physical science. See Science.

Plato, 281.

Platonists, 349.

Pleasure, feeling of, 200;
recollection of, 264, 270.

Plutarch, 133, note[73].

Poetry, lyrical and dreams, 164;
misinterpretation of, 223;
personification, 224.

Points, discrimination of, 52.

Poisons, action of, 115.

Pollock, F., 184, note[101].

Pollock, W.H., 184.

Predisposition, action of, in perception, 44, 101, 102;
in æsthetic intuition, 215;
in insight, 223;
in recollection, 268;
in belief, 305, 319;
belief as, 324.

Prejudice. See Predisposition.

Prenatal experience, recollection of, 281.

Preperception, 27;
illusions connected with, 44, 93;
voluntary, 95;
result of habit of mind, 101;
result of temporary conditions, 102;
as sub-expectation, 102;
as definite expectation, 106.

Presentation and representation, 9, 10, 13, 14, 192, 234, 329, 330.

Projection, outward, of sensations, 63;
of mental image, 111, 112;
of solid form on flat, 79, 81, 96.

Prophetic, dreams as, 129, 147, note[88];
enthusiast, 307.

Psychology, popular and scientific, 9, 10;
distinguished from philosophy, 14, 36, 345, 352;
introspective method of, 208;
as a kind of philosophy, 305.

Public events, localization, of, by memory, 258.


R.

Radestock, P., 130, note[71], 132, note[72], 134, note[75], 140, 141,
149, note[90], 162, 182, 275.

Rationalism, philosophic, 348.

Realism, 348.

Reality, nature of, 36, 346.

Recognition, and perception, 24, 25;
illusions of, 87;