Travels Through France And Italy - Tobias Smollett (diy ebook reader .TXT) 📗
- Author: Tobias Smollett
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Several Passages In His Travels And In The Statement Which He
Drew Up For Professor 'F.' At Montpellier.
"Smollett Speaks Of His Pulmonic Disorder, His 'Asthmatical
Disorder,' And Uses Other Expressions Which Show That His Lungs
Were Affected. In His Statement He Mentions That He Has Cough,
Shortness Of Breath, Wasting, A Purulent Expectoration, Loss Of
Appetite At Times, Loss Of Strength, Fever, A Rapid Pulse,
Intervals Of Slight Improvement And Subsequent Exacerbations.
"This Shortness Of Breath, He Says, Has Steadily Increased. This
Group Of Symptoms Makes It Certain That He Had Tuberculosis Of
The Lungs, In Other Words, Was Slowly Progressing In Consumption.
"His Darting Pains In His Side Were Due To The Pleurisy Which
Always Occurs In Such An Illness.
"His Account Shows Also The Absence Of Hopelessness Which Is A
Characteristic State Of Mind In Patients With Pulmonary
Tuberculosis.
"I Do Not Think That The Opinion Of The Montpellier Professor
Deserves Smollett's Condemnation. It Seems To Me Both Careful And
Sensible And Contains All The Knowledge Of Its Time. Smollett,
With An Inconsistency Not Uncommon In Patients Who Feel That They
Have A Serious Disease, Would Not Go In Person To The Professor,
For He Felt That From His Appearance The Professor Would Be Sure
To Tell Him He Had Consumption. He Half Hoped For Some Other View
Of The Written Case In Spite Of Its Explicit Statements, And When
Professor F-- Wrote That The Patient Had Tubercles In His Lungs,
This Was Displeasing To Poor Smollett, Who Had Hoped Against Hope
To Receive--Some Other Opinion Than The Only Possible One, Viz.,
That He Undoubtedly Had A Consumption Certain To Prove Fatal."
Part 5 Pg 25
The Cruel Truth Was Not To Be Evaded. Smollett Had Tuberculosis,
Though Not Probably Of The Most Virulent Kind, As He Managed To
Survive Another Seven Years, And Those For The Most Part Years Of
Unremitting Labour. He Probably Gained Much By Substituting Nice
For Montpellier As A Place To Winter In, For Although The Climate
Of Montpellier Is Clear And Bright In The Highest Degree, The
Cold Is Both Piercing And Treacherous. Days Are Frequent During
The Winter In Which One May Stand Warmly Wrapped In The Brilliant
Sun And Feel The Protection Of A Greatcoat No More Than That Of A
Piece Of Gauze Against The Icy And Penetrating Blast That Comes
From "Tile Roof Of France."
Unable To Take The Direct Route By Arles As At Present, The
Eastward-Bound Traveller From Montpellier In 1764 Had To Make A
Northerly Detour. The First Stone Bridge Up The Rhone Was At
Avignon, But There Was A Bridge Of Boats Connecting Beaucaire
With Tarascon. Thence, In No Very Placable Mood, Smollett Set Out
In Mid-November By Way Of Orgon [Aix], Brignolles And Le Muy,
Striking The Mediterranean At Frejus. En Route He Was Inveigled
Into A Controversy Of Unwonted Bitterness With An Innkeeper At Le
Muy. The Scene Is Conjured Up For Us With An Almost Disconcerting
Actuality; No Single Detail Of The Author's Discomfiture Is
Omitted. The Episode Is Post-Flaubertian In Its Impersonal
Detachment, Or, As Coleridge First Said, "Aloofness." On Crossing
The Var, The Sunny Climate, The Romantic Outline Of The
Esterelles, The Charms Of The "Neat Village" Of Cannes, And The
First Prospect Of Nice Began Gradually And Happily To Effect A
Slight Mitigation In Our Patient's Humour. Smollett Was
Indubitably One Of The Pioneers Of The Promenade Des Anglais.
Long Before The Days Of "Dr. Antonio" Or Lord Brougham, He
Described For His Countrymen The Almost Incredible Dolcezza Of
The Sunlit Coast From Antibes To Lerici. But How Much Better
Than The Barren Triumph Of Being The Unconscious Fugleman Of So
Glittering A Popularity Must Have Been The Sense Of Being One Of
The First That Ever Burst From Our Rude Island Upon That Secluded
Little Piedmontese Town, As It Then Was, Of Not Above Twelve
Thousand Souls, With Its Wonderful Situation, Noble Perspective
And Unparalleled Climate. Well Might Our Travel-Tost Doctor
Exclaim, "When I Stand On The Rampart And Look Around I Can
Scarce Help Thinking Myself Enchanted." It Was Truly A Garden Of
Armida For A Native Of One Of The Dampest Corners Of North
Britain.
"Forty Or Fifty Years Ago, Before The Great Transformation Took
Place On The French Riviera, When Nizza, Villafranca, And Mentone
Were Antique Italian Towns, And When It Was One Of The
Eccentricities Of Lord Brougham, To Like Cannes, All That Sea-Board
Was A Delightful Land. Only A Hundred Years Ago Arthur
Young Had Trouble To Get An Old Woman And A Donkey To Carry His
Portmanteau From Cannes To Antibes. I Can Myself Remember Cannes
Part 5 Pg 26Portmanteau From Cannes To Antibes. I Can Myself Remember Cannes
In 1853, A Small Fishing Village With A Quiet Beach, And Mentone,
A Walled Town With Mediaeval Gates And A Castle, A Few Humble
Villas And The Old Posta To Give Supper To Any Passing Traveller.
It Was One Of The Loveliest Bits Of Italy, And The Road From
Nizza To Genoa Was One Long Procession For Four Days Of Glorious
Scenery, Historic Remnants, Italian Colour, And Picturesque
Ports. From The Esterelles To San Remo This Has All Been Ruined
By The Horde Of Northern Barbarians Who Have Made A Sort Of
Trouville, Brighton, Or Biarritz, With American Hotels And
Parisian Boulevards On Every Headland And Bay. First Came The
Half Underground Railway, A Long Tunnel With Lucid Intervals,
Which Destroyed The Road By Blocking Up Its Finest Views And
Making It Practically Useless. Then Miles Of Unsightly
Caravanserais High Walls, Pompous Villas, And Parisian Grandes
Rues Crushed Out Every Trace Of Italy, Of History, And Pictorial
Charm." So Writes Mr. Frederic Harrison Of This Delectable Coast,
[In The Daily Chronicle, 15th March 1898.] As It Was, At A Period
Within His Own Recollection--A Period At Which It Is Hardly
Fanciful To Suppose Men Living Who Might Just Have Remembered
Smollett, As He Was In His Last Days, When He Returned To Die On
The Riviera Di Levante In The Autumn Of 1771. Travel Had Then
Still Some Of The Elements Of Romance. Rapidity Has Changed All
That. The Trouble Is That Although We Can Transport Our Bodies So
Much More Rapidly Than Smollett Could, Our Understanding Travels
At The Same Old Pace As Before. And In The Meantime Railway And
Tourist Agencies Have Made Of Modern Travel A Kind Of Mental
Postcard Album, With Grand Hotels On One Side, Hotel Menus On The
Other, And A Faint Aroma Of Continental Trains Haunting, Between
The Leaves As It Were. Our Real Knowledge Is Still Limited To The
Country We Have Walked Over, And We Must Not Approach The Country
We Would Appreciate Faster Than A Man May Drive A Horse Or Propel
A Bicycle; Or We Shall Lose The All-Important Sense Of Artistic
Approach. Even To Cross The Channel By Time-Table Is Fatal To
That Romantic Spirit (Indispensable To The True Magic Of Travel)
Which A Slow Adjustment Of The Mind To A New Social Atmosphere
And A New Historical Environment Alone Can Induce. Ruskin, The
Last Exponent Of The Grand Tour, Said Truly That The Benefit Of
Travel Varies Inversely In Proportion To Its Speed. The Cheap
Rapidity Which Has Made Our Villes De Plaisir And Cotes D'azur
What They Are, Has Made Unwieldy Boroughs Of Suburban Villages,
And What The Rail Has Done For A Radius Of A Dozen Miles, The
Motor Is Rapidly Doing For One Of A Score. So Are We Sped! But We
Are To Discuss Not The Psychology Of Travel, But The Immediate
Causes And Circumstances Of Smollett's Arrival Upon The Territory
Of Nice.
Part 6 Pg 27
Smollett Did Not Interpret The Ground-Plan Of The History Of Nice
Particularly Well. Its Colonisation From Massilia, Its Long
Connection With Provence, Its Occupation By Saracens, Its Stormy
Connection With The House Of Anjou, And Its Close Fidelity To The
House Of Savoy Made No Appeal To His Admiration. The Most
Important Event In Its Recent History, No Doubt, Was The Capture
Of The City By The French Under Catinat In 1706 (Louis Xiv. Being
Especially Exasperated Against What He Regarded As The Treachery
Of Victor Amadeus), And The Razing To The Ground Of Its Famous
Citadel. The City Henceforth Lost A Good Deal Of Its Civic
Dignity, And Its Morale Was Conspicuously Impaired. In The War Of
The Austrian Succession An English Fleet Under Admiral Matthews
Was Told Off To Defend The Territory Of The Nicois Against The
Attentions Of Toulon. This Was The First Close Contact
Experienced Between England And Nice, But The Impressions Formed
Were Mutually Favourable. The Inhabitants Were Enthusiastic About
The Unaccustomed English Plan Of Paying In Full For All Supplies
Demanded. The British Officers Were No Less Delighted With The
Climate Of Nice, The Fame Of Which They Carried To Their Northern
Homes. It Was Both Directly And Indirectly Through One Of These
Officers That The Claims Of Nice As A Sanatorium Came To Be Put
So Plainly Before Smollett. [Losing Its Prestige As A Ville
Forte, Nice Was Henceforth Rapidly To Gain The New Character Of A
Ville De Plaisir. In 1763, Says One Of The City's Historians,
Smollett, The Famous Historian And Novelist, Visited Nice.
"Arriving Here Shattered In Health And Depressed In Spirits,
Under The Genial Influence Of The Climate He Soon Found Himself A
New Man. His Notes On The Country, Its Gardens, Its Orange
Groves, Its Climate Without A Winter, Are Pleasant And Just And
Would Seem To Have Been Written Yesterday Instead Of More Than A
Hundred Years Ago. . . . His Memory Is Preserved In The Street
Nomenclature Of The Place; One Of The Thoroughfares Still Bears
The Appellation Of Rue Smollett." (James Nash, The Guide To Nice,
1884, P. 110.)]
Among Other Celebrated Residents At Nice During The Period Of
Smollett's Visit Were Edward Augustus, Duke Of York, The Brother
Of George Iii., Who Died At Monaco A Few Years Later, And Andre
Massena, A Native Of The City, Then A Lad Of Six.
Before He Left Montpellier Smollett Indulged In Two More
Seemingly Irresistible Tirades Against French Folly: One Against
Their Persistent Hero-Worship Of Such A Stuffed Doll As Louis Le
Grand, And The Second In Ridicule Of The Immemorial French
Panacea, A Bouillon. Now He Gets To Nice He Feels A Return Of The
Craving To Take A Hand's Turn At Depreciatory Satire Upon The
Nation Of Which A Contemporary Hand Was Just Tracing The
Deservedly Better-Known Delineation, Commencing
Gay Sprightly Land Of Mirth And Social Ease,
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