Fateful Lightning: A New History of the Civil War & Reconstruction by Allen Guelzo (icecream ebook reader txt) 📗

57. Foxhall A. Parker, The Battle of Mobile Bay and the Capture of Forts Powell, Gaines and Morgan (Boston: A. Williams, 1878), 26, 29.

58. Sherman to Grant, September 20, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 39(11):412.

59. Sherman to Grant, November 6, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 39(II):660; Marszalek, Commander of All Lincoln’s Armies, 295; Lewis, Fighting Prophet, 431.

60. Sherman to Grant, October 9, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 39(11):162; Sherman, Memoirs, 627; Lewis, Fighting Prophet, 430; Noah Andre Trudeau, Southern Storm: Sherman’s March to the Sea (New York: Harper, 2008), 42.

61. “Special Field Orders No. 120,” November 8, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 39(11): 713; Mark Grimsley, The Hard Hand of War: Union Military Policy Toward Southern Civilians, 1861–1865 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 169; Sherman to Lincoln, December 22, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 44:783.

62. Burke Davis, Sherman’s March (New York: Random House, 1980), 12, 24, 31, 118; Glatthaar, The March to the Sea and Beyond, 130; Hattaway and Jones, How the North Won, 654; “Sherman’s Campaign,” in The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events, ed. Frank Moore (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1866), 9:7.

63. John Bell Hood, Advance and Retreat: Personal Experiences in the United States and Confederate States Armies (New Orleans: Hood Orphan Memorial Fund, 1880), 244.

64. Jacob Dolson Cox, The Battle of Franklin, Tennessee, November 30, 1864 (New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1897), 89–91, 211–14.

65. Grant to Thomas, December 11, 1864, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 45(11):143; James Lee McDonough, Nashville: The Western Confederacy’s Final Gamble (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2004), 264; Connelly, Autumn of Glory, 513.

66. Steven Bernstein, The Confederacy’s Last Northern Off ensive: Jubal Early, the Army of the Valley, and the Raid on Washington (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2011), 106; Benjamin Shroder Schneck, The Burning of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston, 1864), 16.

67. McClure, Lincoln and Men of War-Times, 132.

68. William Frank Zornow, Lincoln and the Party Divided (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1954), 49–50.

69. Burton J. Hendrick, Lincoln’s War Cabinet (New York: Little, Brown, 1946), 486–87; Frederick J. Blue, Salmon P. Chase: A Life in Politics (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1987), 223–25; McClure, Lincoln and Men of War-Times, 134.

70. John Niven, Salmon P. Chase: A Biography (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), 366; David H. Donald, Lincoln (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995), 508; Lincoln, “To Salmon P. Chase,” June 30, 1864, in Collected Works, 7:419.

71. Tribune Almanac for 1864 (New York: Tribune Association, 1864), 24.

72. Ben Perley Poore, Perley’s Reminiscences of Sixty Years in the National Metropolis (Philadelphia: Hubbard Bros., 1886), 1:538; Allan G. Bogue, The Earnest Men: Republicans of the Civil War Senate (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1981), 97–98, 109–10, 130.

73. Henry Wilson, History of the Antislavery Measures of the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth United-States Congresses, 1861–64 (Boston: Walker, Wise, 1864), 65, 222–23, 292, 376.

74. Wade to Zachariah Chandler, September 23 and October 8, 1861, in Zachariah Chandler Papers, Library of Congress; Wade, “Property in Territories,” March 7, 1860, Congressional Globe, 36th Congress, 1st Session (Appendix), 154.

75. Hans L. Trefousse, The Radical Republicans: Lincoln’s Vanguard for Racial Justice (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1968), 4–16; Wilson, History of the Anti-Slavery Measures, 377; Herman Belz, Abraham Lincoln, Constitutionalism, and Equal Rights in the Civil War (New York: Fordham University Press, 1998), 101–3; Bogue, The Earnest Men, 229.

76. Lincoln, “Speech at Worcester,” September 12, 1848, in Collected Works, 2:2–3; The Diary of Edward Bates, 333; Lincoln to John B. Henderson, in Walter B. Stevens, A Reporter’s Lincoln, ed. Michael Burlingame (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999), 170–73.

77. Garrison to Helen E. Garrison, June 11, 1864, in Letters of William Lloyd Garrison, vol. V: Let the Oppressed Go Free, 1861–1867, ed. W. M. Merrill (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979), 212; Hans L. Trefousse, “Owen Lovejoy and Abraham Lincoln During the Civil War,” Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 22 (Winter 2001): 31; John Hay, diary entry for October 28, 1863, in Inside Lincoln’s White House, 101; Allan G. Bogue, The Congressman’s Civil War (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 43.

78. “Military Disasters,” December 9, 1861, Congressional Globe, 37th Congress, 1st session, 31; Tap, Over Lincoln’s Shoulder, 21–24, 165–66; Sears, Controversies and Commanders, 33–46.

79. Bogue, The Congressman’s Civil War, 101–3.

80. Edwin M. Stanton to Andrew Johnson, March 3, 1862, in Report of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction, at the First Session, Thirty-Ninth Congress (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1866), 5; Edwin M. Stanton to Edward Stanly, May 20, 1862, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 9:397; William C. Harris, With Charity for All: Lincoln and the Restoration of the Union (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1997), 40, 59–71, 78–81, 84.

81. “Proclamation of Amnesty,” December 8, 1863, in McPherson, ed., Political History of the Rebellion, 147–48.

82. LaWanda Cox, Lincoln and Black Freedom: A Study in Presidential Leadership (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985), 72–74; Joseph G. Dawson, Army Generals and Reconstruction: Louisiana, 1862–1877 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1982), 16–23; Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and Letters of Charles Sumner (Boston: Roberts Bros., 1893), 4:214–23.

83. “An Act to Guarantee to Certain States Whose Governments Have Been Usurped or Overthrown a Republican Form of Government,” in The Radical Republicans and Reconstruction, 1861–1870, ed. Harold Hyman (Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1967), 128–34; “Rebellious States,” May 4, 1864, and “Reconstruction Bill,” July 2, 1864, Congressional Globe, 38th Congress, 1st Session, 2108, 3491.

84. “Bill for Reconstruction,” in McPherson, ed., Political History, 316–18; “Protest of Sen. Wade and H. W. Davis, M.C.,” in The American Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1864 (New York: Appleton, 1865), 307–10.

85. Wilson, History of the Anti-Slavery Measures, 203–17; “An Act to Amend the Act Calling Forth the Militia,” July 17, 1862, in Statutes at Large, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 597–600.

86. Miller, The Training of an Army, 106.

87. Clarence D. Long, Wages and Earnings in the United States, 1860–1890 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton