Fateful Lightning: A New History of the Civil War & Reconstruction by Allen Guelzo (icecream ebook reader txt) 📗

56. Carpenter, Six Months at the White House, 252; Kellogg, in Recollected Words, 277; Hay, diary entry for December 25, 1863, in Inside Lincoln’s White House, 133–34.

57. Warden, An Account, 299.

58. Harry L. Watson, Liberty and Power: The Politics of Jacksonian America (New York: Hill and Wang, 1990), 35–38; William H. Dillistin, Bank Note Reporters and Counterfeit Detectors, 1826–1866: With a Discourse on Wildcat Banks and Wildcat Bank Notes (New York: American Numismatic Society, 1949), 99; Q. David Bowers, Obsolete Paper Money Issued by Banks in the United States, 1782–1866: A Study and Appreciation for the Numismatist and Historian (Atlanta, GA: Whitman, 2006), 185.

59. Philip S. Paludan, “A People’s Contest”: The Union and the Civil War (New York: Harper and Row, 1988), 108–10; Richard F. Bensel, Yankee Leviathan: The Origins of Central State Authority in America, 1859–1877 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 243–54; Theodore E. Burton, John Sherman (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1906), 90.

60. J. W. Schuckers, The Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase (New York: D. Appleton, 1874), 216, 238; Paludan, “A People’s Contest,” 111; Heather Cox Richardson, The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies During the Civil War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997), 45.

61. Burton, John Sherman, 105, 112–13; Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War (Philadelphia: G. W. Jacobs, 1907), 1:172–73.

62. Frederick J. Blue, Salmon P. Chase: A Life in Politics (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1987), 160–62; Schuckers, Life and Public Services of Chase, 239–41.

63. Schuckers, Life and Services of Chase, 229; Bensel, Yankee Leviathan, 251–52; Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke, 1:137, 142–43, 187, 232–52; Paludan, “A People’s Contest,” 115–17; Richardson, The Greatest Nation, 31–56; Michael S. Green, Freedom, Union, and Power: Lincoln and His Party During the Civil War (New York: Fordham University Press, 2004), 317–26.

64. Rollin C. Hurd, A Treatise on the Right of Personal Liberty: and on the Writ of Habeas Corpus (Albany, NY: W. C. Little, 1858), 136.

65. Brian McGinty, Lincoln and the Court (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008), 65–83.

66. Lincoln, “To Erastus Corning and Others,” June 12, 1863, in Collected Works, 6:264.

67. Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of the United States at December term 1862 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1863), 2:669, 698–99; Stephen C. Neff, Justice in Blue and Gray: A Legal History of the Civil War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 24–27, 32–34; Simon, Lincoln and Chief Justice Taney, 224–32.

68. Mark E. Neely, Lincoln and the Triumph of the Nation: Constitutional Conflict in the American Civil War Era (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011), 190.

69. Robert Bruce Murray, Legal Cases of the Civil War (Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2003), 75–84; John A. Marshall, American Bastile: A History of the Illegal Arrests and Imprisonment of American Citizens During the Late Civil War (Philadelphia: T. W. Hartley, 1869), 84; “Ex Parte in the Matter of Lambdin D. Milligan, Petitioner,” December 17, 1866, in Cases Argued and Decided in the Supreme Court of the United States, December Terms 1865–1867, ed. Stephen Williams (Rochester, NY: Lawyers Co-operative Publishing, 1901), 281–303.

70. Jacob Dolson Cox, “War Preparations in the North,” Battles and Leaders, 1:87; Douglas, “To Virgil Hickox,” May 10, 1861, in Letters of Stephen A. Douglas, 512; Adam I. P. Smith, No Party Now: Politics in the Civil War North (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 37–38.

71. Frank J. Klement, “Economic Aspects of Middle Western Copperheadism,” in Lincoln’s Critics: The Copperheads of the North, ed. Steven K. Rogstad (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane, 1999), 48–49.

72. Robert C. Winthrop, “Great Speech of Hon. Robert C. Winthrop at New London, Conn.,” in Union Pamphlets of the Civil War, 1861–1865, ed. Frank Freidel (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967), 2:1098, 1101.

73. Joanna D. Cowden, “Heaven Will Frown on Such a Cause as This”: Six Democrats Who Opposed Lincoln’s War (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2001), 15–17.

74. “Harmony in the Future,” Philadelphia Press, July 1, 1863; Mark E. Neely, The Union Divided: Party Conflict in the Civil War North (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002), 89–111; Thomas S. Mach, “Gentleman George” Hunt Pendleton: Party Politics and Ideological Identity in Nineteenth-Century America (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2007), 60–63.

75. Clement Vallandigham, “There Is a West; For the Union Forever; Outside of the Union, for Herself,” December 15, 1859, in Speeches, Arguments, Addresses and Letters of Clement L. Vallandigham (New York: J. Walter, 1864), 210, 212.

76. The Trial of Hon. Clement L. Vallandigham: By a Military Commission (Cincinnati: Rickey and Carroll, 1863), 7, 11; McGinty, Lincoln and the Court, 186–90; Jennifer L. Weber, Copperheads: The Rise and Fall of Lincoln’s Opponents in the North (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), 96–99.

77. Frank L. Klement, The Limits of Dissent: Clement L. Vallandigham and the Civil War (New York: Fordham University Press, 1998 [1970]), 252, 272–77; Lincoln, “To John Brough and Samuel L. Heintzelman,” June 20, 1864, in Collected Works, 7:402.

78. Mark Neely, The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 24–28, 60, 98, 133–37.

79. Richardson, The Greatest Nation, 2, 105–6, 109, 146, 187; Green, Freedom, Union and Power, 307–8; James Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress: From Lincoln to Garfield, with a Review of the Events Which Led to the Political Revolution of 1860 (Norwich, CT: Henry Bill, 1884), 1:399.

80. James H. Campbell, “Pacific Railroad—Again,” April 8, 1862, in Congressional Globe, 37th Congress, 2nd Session, 1580.

1. Douglas John Cater, As It Was: Reminiscences of a Soldier of the Third Texas Cavalry and the Nineteenth Louisiana Infantry, ed. T. Michael Parrish (Austin, TX: State House Press, 1990), 67–68, 69, 173.

2. Varina Davis Brown, A Colonel at Gettysburg and Spotsylvania: The Life of Colonel Joseph Newton Brown and the Battles of Gettysburg and Spotsylvania (Baltimore, MD: Butternut and Blue, 1988 [1931]), 12; Howell and Elizabeth Purdue, Pat Cleburne: Confederate General (Hillsboro, TX: Hill Jr. College Press, 1973), 74.

3. Jimerson, The Private Civil War, 24–25; William C. Davis, The Orphan Brigade: The Kentucky Confederates Who Couldn’t Go Home (Garden City, NY: