Fateful Lightning: A New History of the Civil War & Reconstruction by Allen Guelzo (icecream ebook reader txt) 📗

Relations of the Confederate States of America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1931), 186; Adams, The Education of Henry Adams: An Autobiography (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1918), 122–23; “English and American Aristocracy,” New York Times, July 30, 1862.

21. Garnet Wolseley, “A Month’s Visit to the Confederate Headquarters,” Blackwood’s Magazine 93 (January 1863): 20.

22. De Leon, Secret History of Confederate Diplomacy, 12, 35; Arthur Fremantle, The Fremantle Diary, ed. Walter Lord (New York: Andre Deutsch, 1954), 197–99; J. R. Jones, Life and Letters of Robert Edward Lee: Soldier and Man (Harrisonburg, VA: Sprinkle, 1978 [1906]), 203–4.

23. Bismarck, in Louis L. Snyder, The Blood and Iron Chancellor: A Documentary-Biography of Otto von Bismarck (Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1967), 176–77; A. R. Tyrner-Tyrnauer, Lincoln and the Emperors (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1962), 61, 66; Luvaas, The Military Legacy of the Civil War, 72, 206.

24. Richard Shannon, Gladstone, 1809–1865 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984), 468; Beckles Wilson, John Slidell and the Confederates in Paris, 1862–1865 (New York: Minton, Balch, 1932), 91.

25. Howard Jones, Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom: The Union and Slavery in the Diplomacy of the Civil War (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999), 73; Paludan, “A People’s Contest,” 269.

26. Thomas Schoonover, “Napoleon Is Coming! Maximilian Is Coming? The International History of the Civil War in the Caribbean Basin,” in The Union, the Confederacy, and the Atlantic Rim, ed. Robert E. May (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 1995), 101, 107, 118–19; Joan Haslip, The Crown of Mexico: Maximilian and His Empress Carlota (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972), 211; John Metcalf Taylor, Maximilian and Carlotta: A Story of Imperialism (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1894), 75.

27. Judith Fenner Gentry, “A Confederate Success in Europe: The Erlanger Loan,” Journal of Southern History 36 (May 1970): 159, 160; Richard C. Todd, Confederate Finance (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2009 [1954]), 48–51.

28. Frederick Waymouth Gibbs, The Foreign Enlistment Act (London: William Ridgway, 1863), 72 (otherwise 59 George III. c. 69).

29. James D. Bulloch, The Secret Service of the Confederate States in Europe: or, How the Confederate Cruisers Were Equipped (London: Bentley and Son, 1884), 1:54–58.

30. C. F. Cross, Lincoln’s Man in Liverpool: Consul Dudley and the Legal Battle to Stop Confederate Warships (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2007), 37; Frank J. Merli, Great Britain and the Confederate Navy, 1861–1865 (Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2004 [1970]), 92–93; Adams to Earl Russell, November 20, 1862, in Papers Relating to Foreign Affairs, Accompanying the Annual Message of the President to the First Session of the Thirty-Eighth Congress (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1864), Part I, 5–7.

31. Jenkins, Britain and the War for the Union, 2: 66.

32. De Leon, Secret History of Confederate Diplomacy, 125; Howard Jones, Union in Peril: The Crisis over British Intervention in the Civil War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992), 134. The Palmerston-Russell correspondence is contained in Appendix E of James V. Murfin, The Gleam of Bayonets: The Battle of Antietam and Robert E. Lee’s Maryland Campaign, September 1862 (New York: T. Yoseloff, 1965), 394, 396–97, 399–400.

33. Jones, Union in Peril, 210–26; Douglas R. Egerton, “Rethinking Atlantic Historiography in a Post-colonial Era: The Civil War in a Global Perspective,” Journal of the Civil War Era 1 (March 2011): 82–84.

34. Jones, “History and Mythology: The Crisis over British Intervention in the Civil War,” in The Union, the Confederacy, and the Atlantic Rim, ed. Robert E. May (West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 1995), 33, 43–50; Elizabeth Kelly Gray, “‘Whisper to Him the Word India’: Transatlantic Critics and American Slavery, 1830–1860,” Journal of the Early Republic 28 (Fall 2008): 403, 405.

35. John Morley, The Life of Richard Cobden (Boston: Roberts Bros., 1881), 560–61, 583; Richard Cobden, “Foreign Policy IX,” November 23, 1864, in Speeches on Questions of Public Policy by Richard Cobden, M.P., eds. J. Bright and J. E. T. Rogers (London: Macmillan, 1880), 490; John Bright, in George Barnett Smith, The Life and Speeches of the Right Honourable John Bright, M.P. (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1881), 2:57.

36. James Barlow to Finney, March 17, 1863, in Finney Papers, Oberlin College Archives.

37. Charles Francis Adams, The Crisis of Foreign Intervention in the War of Secession, September-November 1862 (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1914), 23; Russell, in Europe Looks at the Civil War, ed. B. B. Sideman and L. Friedman (New York: Orion Press, 1960), 186.

38. Bulloch, Secret Service of the Confederate States, 2:63–64, 73–74, 76, 83–86; John Bigelow, France and the Confederate Navy, 1862–1868: An International Episode (London: S. Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, 1888), 56; Lynn M. Case and Warren F. Spencer, The United States and France: Civil War Diplomacy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1970), 269–71, 475–77; Wilson, John Slidell, 105.

39. Peyton to Vance, January 15, 1863, in The Papers of Zebulon Baird Vance, ed. Joe A. Mobley (Raleigh, NC: State Department of Archives and History, 1995), 2:18.

40. De Leon, Secret History of Confederate Diplomacy, 85.

41. James Russell Soley, The Blockade and the Cruisers (New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1885), 241–42.

42. Du Pont to Mrs. Du Pont, April 10–13, 1862, and Du Pont to James Stokes Biddle, December 17, 1861, in Samuel Francis DuPont: A Selection from His Civil War Letters, ed. John D. Hayes (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1969), 1: 281, 413.

43. Robert M. Browning, Success Is All That Was Expected: The South Atlantic Blockading Squadron During the Civil War (Dulles, VA: Brassey’s, 2002), 11; Taaffe, Commanding Lincoln’s Navy, 170–71.

44. William Still, “The Common Sailor: The Civil War’s Uncommon Man,” Civil War Times Illustrated 23 (February 1985): 38–39.

45. “How Fortunes Are Made in the Navy,” The Big Blue Union [Marysville, KS], December 5, 1863; Canney, The Old Steam Navy, 94; Virginia Jeans Laas, “‘Sleepless Sentinels’: The North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1862–1864,” Civil War History 31 (March 1985): 33; Dudley Taylor Cornish and Virginia Jeans Laas, Lincoln’s Lee: The Life of Samuel Phillips Lee, United States Navy, 1812–1897 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1986), 123.

46. Brownlow, Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession, 423.

47. James