Fateful Lightning: A New History of the Civil War & Reconstruction by Allen Guelzo (icecream ebook reader txt) 📗

in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 26(I):45; Richard Lowe, “Battle on the Levee: The Fight at Milliken’s Bend,” in Black Soldiers in Blue: African American Troops in the Civil War Era, ed. John David Smith (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 117–24; “Report of Brig.-Gen. Henry E. McCullough,” June 8, 1863, in War of the Rebellion, Series One, 24(II):467.

15. “Letter of Edward L. Pierce,” July 22, 1863, in The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events, ed. Frank Moore (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1864), 7:215.

16. Luis Fenollosa Emilio, A Brave Black Regiment: The History of the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, 1863–65 (Boston: Boston Book, 1894), 79–84; Stephen R. Wise, Gate of Hell: Campaign for Charleston Harbor, 1863 (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1994), 103–5.

17. Grant to Lincoln, August 23, 1863, in The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, 9:196–97; Howard C. Westwood, “Grant’s Role in Beginning Black Soldiery,” Illinois Historical Journal 79 (1986): 197–212.

18. Lincoln, “To James C. Conkling,” August 26, 1863, in Collected Works, 6:409; Glatthaar, Forged in Battle, 168; Gooding, On the Altar of Freedom, 19.

19. Lincoln, “To James C. Conkling,” August 26, 1863, in Collected Works, 6:409.

20. Lincoln, “To Michael Hahn,” March 13, 1864, in Collected Works, 7:243.

21. “Constitution of Louisiana—1864,” in The Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws, ed. Francis Newton Thorpe (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1909), 3:1429, 1433; William O. Stoddard, Inside the White House in War Times: Memoirs and Reports of Lincoln’s Secretary, ed. Michael Burlingame (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 139.

22. James M. McPherson, The Struggle for Equality; Abolitionists and the Negro in the Civil War and Reconstruction (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1964), 232; Paludan, “A People’s Contest,” 220–21.

23. Stephen J. Ochs, A Black Patriot and a White Priest: Andre Cailloux and Claude Paschal Maistre in Civil War New Orleans (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000), 91–92; Larry G. Murphy, Sojourner Truth: A Biography (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011), 98–101; Nell Irvin Painter, Sojourner Truth: A Life, A Symbol (New York: W. W. Norton, 1996), 210–11.

24. Glatthaar, The March to the Sea and Beyond, 60; Nathaniel Cheairs Hughes and Gordon D. Whitney, Jefferson Davis in Blue: The Life of Sherman’s Relentless Warrior (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002), 308–14; August Meier and Elliott M. Rudwick, From Plantation to Ghetto (New York: Hill and Wang, 1976), 182.

25. William Kimball, “Our Government and the Blacks,” Continental Monthly 5 (April 1864): 433–34; Paul Skeels Peirce, The Freedmen’s Bureau: A Chapter in the History of Reconstruction (Iowa City: University of Iowa, 1904), 34–45; George R. Bentley, A History of the Freedmen’s Bureau (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1955), 38–43.

26. Thomas V. Ash, Middle Tennessee Society Transformed, 1860–1870: War and Peace in the Upper South (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988), 187.

27. Leon Litwack, Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery (New York: Knopf, 1979), 230, 240–51; Ash, Middle Tennessee Society Transformed, 210; Janette Thomas Greenwood, First Fruits of Freedom: The Migration of Former Slaves and Their Search for Equality in Worcester, Massachusetts, 1862–1900 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009), 48–87.

28. Neely, Lincoln and the Triumph of the Nation, 114–15; George A. Levesque, “Boston’s Black Brahmin: Dr. John S. Rock,” Civil War History 26 (December 1980): 335–36.

29. Blight, Frederick Douglass’ Civil War 186.

30. Laurence M. Hauptman, The Iroquois in the Civil War: From Battlefield to Reservation (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1993), 11–16, 148; Duane Schultz, Over the Earth I Come: The Great Sioux Uprising of 1862 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992), 5–12; Daniel F. Littlefield, Africans and Seminoles: From Removal to Emancipation (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1977), 180–91.

31. Alvin M. Josephy, The Civil War in the American West (New York: Knopf, 1991), 269–92, 305–16; Jerome A. Greene and Douglas D. Scott, Finding Sand Creek: History, Archeology, and the 1864 Massacre Site (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004), 18; Scott Nelson and Carol Sheriff, A People at War: Civilians and Soldiers in America’s Civil War, 1854–1877 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 252–53.

32. John Y. Simon, “That Obnoxious Order,” in Jews and the Civil War: A Reader, ed. Jonathan D. Sarna and Adam Mendelsohn (New York: New York University Press, 2010), 353–61; Jean Edward Smith, Grant (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001), 225–27; Journal of the Senate of the United States, Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 1, 1862 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1863), 78; Rosen, The Jewish Confederates, 162–63.

33. Thomas S. Edrington and John Taylor, The Battle of Glorieta Pass: A Gettysburg in the West, March 26–28, 1862 (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1998), 7–8, 28.

34. Simpson, A Good Southerner, 224–25; Lincoln, “Speech from the Balcony of the Bates House at Indianapolis, Indiana,” February 11, 1861, and “Annual Message to Congress,” December 1, 1862, in Collected Works, 4:195, 5:527–28.

35. LeAnn Whites, “The Civil War as a Crisis in Gender,” in Divided Houses: Gender and the Civil War, ed. Catherine Clinton and Nina Silber (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 7, 11.

36. Rosemarie Zagarri, Revolutionary Backlash: Women and Politics in the Early American Republic (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007), 166–67.

37. Catharine Beecher, A Treatise on Domestic Economy: For the Use of Young Ladies at Home, and at School (Boston: T. H. Webb, 1843), 26; Toby Ditz, Property and Kinship: Inheritance in Early Connecticut, 1750–1820 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986), 119; Catharine Clinton, The Other Civil War: American Women in the Nineteenth Century (New York: Hill and Wang, 1984), 12–19; Suzanne Lebsock, The Free Women of Petersburg: Status and Culture in a Southern Town, 1784–1800 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1984), 100–104.

38. Charlotte S. Hilbourne, Effie and I: or, Seven Years in a Cotton Mill (Cambridge, MA: Allen and Farnham, 1863), 67.

39. Sara Josepha Hale, “Home,” Ladies’ Magazine and Literary Gazette 3 (May 1830): 218; E. Anthony Rotundo, American Manhood: Transformations in Masculinity from the Revolution to the Modern Era (New York: Basic Books, 1993), 23–25; Louisa Susanna McCord, in O’Brien, Conjectures of Order,